Cuban Regime Releases 553 Prisoners in Exchange for Its Exclusion From the US List of Sponsors of Terrorism

Biden announced his decision an hour before the Havana declaration, which links the releases to a negotiation with the Vatican

US President Joe Biden. / EFE

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, Madrid, 14 January 2025 — Cuban President Miguel Díaz-Canel has informed the Vatican of his decision to release “553 people sanctioned in due process for various crimes contemplated by law,” the Ministry of Foreign Affairs reported on Tuesday an hour after US President Joe Biden announced the exclusion of Cuba from the list of countries sponsoring terrorism. According to Martí Noticias, Washington’s decision was “unilateral,” but was based on the regime’s “promise” made to the Catholic Church to release those imprisoned. The Catholic Church “played an important mediating role,” said Martí Noticias.

In an official statement, the president, who will leave the White House in just six days, justifies the “rescission” of the island’s inclusion on the list based on two points: “the Government of Cuba has not provided any support to international terrorism during the preceding six months” and “has given guarantees that it will not support acts of international terrorism in the future.”

The measures also include the suspension of Title III of the Helms-Burton Act and the elimination of a list of Cuban government entities that cannot do business with the United States, including ministries linked to security, companies belonging to the Armed Forces, such as Gaesa or Cimex, and dozens of state-owned hotels. In addition, the limitations on obtaining an ESTA – the tourist entry card to the United States – will no longer be in force for nationals of more than 40 countries who have been in Cuba since 2021.

The Cuban official press, contrary to its custom, has been quick to comment on the announcement. In a note published in Cubadebate, it called the list of countries “that according to them sponsor terrorism” “spurious.” It also confirmed that Biden also suspended “the ability of US citizens to sue in US courts for the expropriation of their properties in Cuba and lifted some financial sanctions decreed by the previous Administration.”

The Cuban official press, contrary to its custom, has been quick to comment on the announcement

In any case, the measures could be repealed when Donald Trump takes office on January 20 and Marco Rubio becomes Secretary of State. The Cuban-American politician is expected to appear before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee tomorrow, Wednesday, for his confirmation hearing and to speak about his position toward the island. Both have expressed that they will toughen the measures against Havana if it persists in violating human rights.

The announcement comes just a month after the current government decided to keep Cuba on the aforementioned list for another year, where it shares space with North Korea, Iran and Syria, countries that Washington accuses of “providing repeated support to acts of international terrorism.”

Secretary of State Antony Blinken himself then reiterated that he did not foresee any change in Cuba policy before Biden left office.

Cuba was on the list – which carries a series of associated sanctions – between 1982 and 2015, when it was briefly removed by the Barack Obama administration. In 2021, then-President and now President-elect Donald Trump put Cuba back on the list just a week before leaving office.

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Cuban Prisoners Released After Negotiations Between the Regime and the Vatican

The names of those released by the Government from a group of 553 are gradually coming to light

Some of the prisoners released in Cuba on Wednesday, as part of the regime’s agreement with the Vatican. / Collage

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, Havana, 15 January 2025 — Little by little, without any official information and mainly through social media, the names of prisoners released in Cuba as part of the regime’s agreement with the Vatican that has allowed the United States to lift some of the sanctions against the island are coming to light, including its inclusion on the list of countries sponsoring terrorism , from which it was removed on Tuesday. There are 553 in total, but there are no further details about them , nor for what crimes they were convicted, nor if they are actually political prisoners.

This Wednesday, the vice president of the Supreme People’s Court, Maricela Rosa Rabelo, declared on state television that the “benefits of early release” have been given to those prosecuted for “dissimilar” crimes. She listed: “Property crimes such as theft, robbery with force. There are threats, there are injuries, there are disorders. There are also some people who were sanctioned for sedition, but sedition is not a political crime.”

The crime of sedition, for example, was the one charged to the protesters of 11 July 2021 (11J) who received the highest sentences, up to 20 years in prison (although in some cases it was later reduced).

Here are the released prisoners known so far.

Latest updates as of 15 January 2025

The Cuban Observatory of Human Rights (OCDH) published a list of the first 14 prisoners released on Wednesday, “without the total magnitude of the operation being known yet,” the Madrid-based organization said. In its statement, the OCDH said that the agreement to release 553 prisoners from prison “apparently also benefits common criminals,” and stressed that the number of those sentenced for political reasons exceeds one thousand.

Some of the released prisoners have “serious health problems that have been ignored for years by the authorities,” the NGO denounces, as is the case of Reyna Yacnara Barreto Batista, released on “extra-penal leave” by the Supreme Court, with a sentence “that admits her psychiatric illness, which was ignored until Havana reached an agreement with the Vatican.”

To the list of those mentioned by this newspaper Reyna Yacnara Barreto Batista, Lisdani Rodríguez Isaac, Mailene Noguera Santiesteban, Yessica Coimbra Noriega and Rowland Castillo Castro, the OCDH adds: Dariel Cruz García , Donaida Pérez Paseiro , Liván Hernández Sosa , Katia Beirut Rodríguez , José Miguel Gómez Mondeja , Jorge Gabriel Arruebarruena León , Magdiel Rodríguez García , Rogelio Lázaro Domínguez Pérez and César Adrián Delgado Correa.

Rowland Castillo Castro. 17 years old at the time of his arrest, on July 16, 2021, for participating in the ’11J’ demonstrations in the Havana municipality of Diez de Octubre, specifically on the corner of Toyo, which gave rise to one of the most emblematic images of that day, the overturned police patrol car and a young man raising the Cuban flag. Tried in February 2022, he was sentenced to 12 years in prison, but ultimately served 5 years of correctional labor with internment. Both his father, Ángel Rolando Castillo Sánchez, and his mother, Yudinela Castro Pérez, have been harassed and persecuted by State Security for defending their son’s innocence and freedom.

Mailene Noguera Santiesteban and Yessica Coimbra Noriega: delegates of the Movement of Opponents for a New Republic (MONR) and the Democracy Movement (MD), as well as promoters of Cuba Decide, both mothers. Noguera Santiesteban, from Surgidero de Batabanó, Mayabeque. She was forcibly removed from her home on July 17, 2021, and was also subjected to enforced disappearance. She was serving a 6-year sentence in El Guatao, of which she had already served almost 4 years. Cohimbra Noriega was serving a 5-year prison sentence for the crimes of public disorder and two for contempt.

Lisdani Rodríguez Isaac and her sister Lisdiany Rodríguez Isaac: From Placetas, Villa Clara. Arrested on July 18, 2021 for participating in 11J. They were placed in preventive detention and accused of public disorder, contempt, instigation to commit crimes, attack and spreading epidemics. Both were sentenced to 8 years in prison. Lisdiany Rodríguez Isaac gave birth a few months ago in prison and will be released this Thursday.

Reyna Barreto Batista: Arrested at her home in Camagüey by 15 police officers on July 18, 2021, a week after participating in the massive 11J protest in her city. During the demonstration, she was attacked by three men. She was forcibly disappeared. With symptoms of Covid and under investigation, she spent 14 days in isolation. She was later released but continued to be harassed at home, as Cubalex reported at the time. At trial, she was sentenced to 4 years of correctional labor with confinement for the crime of attack and public disorder, which she was serving at the Granja 5 center.

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Cuba Announces a New Exchange Rate for the Dollar That Varies ‘With Supply and Demand’

Cuban Prime Minister Manuel Marrero admits that the foreign exchange market mostly operates irregularly

The goal is for “people” to feel “attracted” and “more confident” to “sell their currencies to the banking system,” said Marrero / Cubadebate

14ymedio bigger14ymedio/EFE, Madrid, 18 December 2024 (delayed translation) — Prime Minister Manuel Marrero acknowledged on Wednesday that citizens have lost confidence in the Cuban state banking system. In his speech before the National Assembly of People’s Power, he said that the government is going to introduce a new exchange rate regime in the country – compared to the current one with a fixed exchange rate – with “greater flexibility”, which varies according to the “conditions of supply and demand” and with “a daily rate,” with the objective of allowing the state to compete in the exchange business, which currently occurs mostly irregularly.

He did not, however, indicate when it will come into effect or what the initial exchange rate between the Cuban peso and the dollar will be. Cuba has two official exchange rates, one for legal entities (24 pesos to the dollar) and another for individuals (120 pesos to the dollar), but on the street, the greenback is currently being exchanged for about 320 pesos.

“It is a process that will take place little by little, but it will allow us to fully enter and ensure that the bank is not on the margin of this illegal exchange market,” added the head of the Government. The aim is for “people” to feel “attracted” and “more confident” to “sell their foreign currency to the banking system” and for the latter “to be able to sell foreign currency to the population.”

Likewise, the Prime Minister assured that the Government will approve allowing companies, with prior state authorization, to charge for their products and services in foreign currency. “We must recognize that the economy has been dollarized based on the existence of an illegal exchange continue reading

market, even every time a price is set” in a private business “and the informal market rate is taken as a reference,” he argued. “Obviously, even if you are paying with national currency, that is dollarized.”

He also criticized the high circulation of cash in the economy, despite the intense campaign initiated by the Government since 2023 to digitize transactions. According to preliminary data shared by Marrero, there was a 26% year-on-year increase in the number of banknotes in circulation, a factor, he said, that “impacts inflation rates.”

The Government feels “dissatisfied”, he also said, with the progress of the guidelines, which include the reduction and elimination of subsidies.

Reviewing the anti-crisis measures announced a year ago and implemented in 2024, the Prime Minister also conceded that economic policy has not “progressed as necessary” and has only yielded “discreet results.”

The government is “dissatisfied,” he said, with the progress of the guidelines, which include the reduction and elimination of subsidies (which resulted, among other things, in a 400% increase in the price of fuel) and broad cuts to public spending. Despite the results, Marrero said that “there is no turning back on  the path of eliminating subsidies.”

On the other hand, he said that the ravages of hurricanes Oscar and Rafael and the two major earthquakes in Granma province have depleted public finances in 2024 and limited the State’s ability to maneuver in the midst of a “war economy.”

Another measure that did not achieve positive results was the increase in the electricity bills of large consumers, said Marrero. “It did not achieve the expected reduction in consumption. On the contrary, it increased,” he admitted, which is why the new decree was approved so that these “large consumers” produce 50% of the energy they use from 2028, just as new investments and projects must be incorporated into this savings plan.

The country is experiencing a precarious situation with its electrical system, which suffered three total collapses at the end of the year.

In this regard, the head of the Government pointed out that by 2025 the Island will generate 1,200 megawatts (MW) through photovoltaic parks, just under half of the total demand.

On the other hand, Marrero said that Cuba has collected nearly 40.8 million dollars in fines from private companies that did not respect the price cap on products such as sausages, milk and chicken announced this year.

He also attacked private companies that, in his opinion, have sold products at a higher price by using the exchange rate with the dollar on the informal market as a reference.

He also warned: “the supervision of large businesses with evasive behavior will be a priority in the next period.”

He also warned that “the supervision of large businesses with evasive behavior will be a priority in the next period.” In this regard, he said that the almost 200,000 “tax control actions” resulted in debts of more than six billion pesos. For tax debts (in total, 1.202 billion pesos), he also reported that 9,248 people have been “regulated” – that is, prevented from leaving the country.

The prime minister anticipated that the country expects a deficit of 88.5 billion Cuban pesos (3.687 billion dollars, at the official exchange rate) for 2025, a figure similar to that of this year and the two previous years.

The head of the government had already indicated last week, at the plenary session of the central committee of the Cuban Communist Party (PCC), that the deficit for this year would finally be around 90 billion pesos, 57 billion less than initially forecast in the public accounts.

Independent economists such as Pedro Monreal and Pavel Vidal indicate that this deficit volume would be around 10% of the gross domestic product (GDP), which is one of the highest rates in the world .

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COLLABORATE WITH OUR WORKThe 14ymedio team is committed to practicing serious journalism that reflects Cuba’s reality in all its depth. Thank you for joining us on this long journey. We invite you to continue supporting us by becoming a member of 14ymedio now. Together we can continue transforming journalism in Cuba.

Cuba Will Donate Historic Armored Vehicles and a Pistol Owned by Fidel Castro to Zimbabwe

Photo of last year’s talks between the vice president of Cuba, Salvador Valdés Mesa, and his Zimbabwean counterpart, Kembo D.C. Mohadi, in Harare / Presidency of Cuba

14ymedio biggerEFE (via 14ymedio), Harare, 12 January 2025 — Cuba will donate historic armored vehicles and a pistol belonging to former Cuban president and revolutionary leader Fidel Castro (1926-2016) to the African Liberation Museum that is being built in Zimbabwe, former Zimbabwean Foreign Minister Simbarashe Mumbengegwi confirmed to EFE on Sunday.

Mumbengegwi, special envoy of Zimbabwe’s President Emmerson Mnangagwa, will travel to Havana to receive the donation for the museum from President Miguel Díaz-Canel.

Among the articles donated are armored vehicles used in the historic Battle of Cuito Cuanavale (1987-1988), in which Cuban soldiers participated, in the context of the Angolan Civil War (1975-2002).

There is also a pistol that belonged to Fidel Castro and other artifacts and paraphernalia related to Cuba’s contributions to the African liberation continue reading

struggles.

“The Republic of Cuba played a fundamental role in the liberation and postcolonial development of Africa”

“The Republic of Cuba played a fundamental role in the liberation and postcolonial development of Africa, and the delivery of artifacts for exhibition at the African Liberation Museum is a truly historic milestone in the long-standing and deep links between Cuba and Africa,” Mumbengegwi told EFE.

The former minister stressed that Cuba has continued to support Africa, particularly Zimbabwe, in the areas of health, education and diplomacy in international forums.

In July 2022, Mnangagwa sent a delegation to Cuba to initiate discussions on cooperation in the African Liberation Museum project, which is based in Harare and is part of a multi-service complex known as Liberation City.

Cuba has a long friendship with Zimbabwe that dates back to the war of independence in the seventies of the last century, when troops of the Zimbabwean African National Union (ZANU) received military training in Cuba.

In the 1980s, Zimbabwean students were sent to Cuba to train as school teachers specializing in scientific subjects.

In the 21st century, the Cuban government has deployed doctors to work in hospitals in Zimbabwe.

The late Zimbabwean president Robert Mugabe (1924-2019), overthrown in a military coup in 2017, was a good friend of Castro, with whom he shared communist ideology. In 2023, the Government of Zimbabwe designated one of the streets of Harare to be given the name of Fidel Castro.

Translated by Regina Anavy

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The Mysterious Hydraulic Work on Havana’s Boyeros Avenue Coincides With the Inauguration of the K Tower

Cubans are skeptical when a construction or restoration goes too fast and too well

Workers engaged in the hydraulic works on Rancho Boyeros Avenue. / 14ymedio

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, Natalia López Moya, Havana, 12 January 2025 — In the middle of the night on Saturday, with their reflective vests and with a haste that is unusual in Cuba, a team of workers continued to work on the mysterious hydraulic project that is being carried out on Rancho Boyeros Avenue, from Calzada del Cerro to the area near Tulipán Street. The opening of a long trench in the street and the placement of a new, wide pipe have sparked speculation among residents, who have never seen such haste and such new equipment and efficiency put into this type of repairs.

According to the official version, sections of the pipeline that brings water from the Palatino pumping station to Marino Street are being replaced to solve the problems in the upper area of ​​the Plaza de la Revolución municipality, where Nuevo Vedado is located, “benefiting a population of approximately 72,250 inhabitants.” In a brief note, the National Institute of Hydraulic Resources adds that the work will be 2.8 km long and will also improve pressure in the municipality of Cerro.

However, the large and modern resources used in the Boyeros section, together with the speed with which the laying of the pipeline is progressing, have fueled speculation and rumors that point to another, more powerful beneficiary: the K Tower, the tallest building in Cuba and a future luxury hotel that is about to open this January.

According to the official version, sections of the pipeline that brings water from the Palatino pumping station to Marino Street are being replaced. / 14ymedio

Accustomed to the fact that tourism is the only endeavor in which larger investments are made, Cubans are skeptical when a construction or renovation project goes too fast and too well. In 2023, for example, almost a third of investments went to the two areas associated with the tourism sector: business and real estate services and rentals (23.745 billion pesos, almost a billion dollars at the official exchange rate) and hotels and restaurants (8.626 billion pesos or 360 million dollars).

In the three days that the brigade has been working in the area near Nuevo Vedado, including working on the weekend, residents in the area have tried to get the workers to reveal the main reason for installing the new pipeline, but an unusual reticence extends among them as well, further fueling the rumors.

On Saturday night, the secrecy with which the workers of the state-owned company Aguas de La Habana responded to 14ymedio ’s questions reinforces the thesis that the work hides much more than what has been said publicly. “What is known is not asked,” replied an employee in response to questions about whether the so-called López-Calleja Tower — named in reference to the former son-in-law of Raúl Castro, a tourism magnate who died in 2022 — would be the real reason for speeding up the continue reading

installation of a pipeline in a neighborhood that has been suffering from water supply problems for many years.

Although far from the site, the colossal building is located on 23rd Street in El Vedado, an area that is also supplied by the same Palatino Marino pipeline. Any change in the current section directly influences the flow that reaches the concrete giant that will also house offices and a commercial area. “I have lived in this neighborhood for 30 years and I have never seen a construction project done at night or at such speed,” said a retiree this Friday, as he waited in the queue for the ATM at the Banco Metropolitano on Estancia and Santa Ana streets.

“In my building, it has been years since water pump has been functioning badly, one day on and one day off, so why are they fixing this now, when everyone knows that there is no money for almost anything, that all repair work is practically paralyzed due to lack of resources,” added another customer of the branch who, nevertheless, is glad that “something ends up benefiting this area even though that is not the main reason.”

This Saturday at night, the secrecy with which the workers of the state-owned company Aguas de La Habana responded to the questions of ’14ymedio’ reinforces the thesis that the work hides much more than what has been said publicly / 14ymedio

In other Havana municipalities, the images of Boyeros Avenue are causing a stir. “Here in the Cujae-Toledo area, Marianao, we are still in the same situation. Nobody offers you an answer. No water since the end of the year,” wrote Mario Ernesto González, expressing his annoyance on the provincial government’s Facebook page after the publication of the images of the impeccable machinery, the workers dressed in new uniforms and the gigantic pipe that is being placed on what is also known as the Avenue of the Presidents.

Another Internet user went further and sarcastically summed up the rumors surrounding the repair: “That must be for something that needs a lot of water because it has swimming pools, jacuzzis, showers with high-pressure water, laundries where many sheets, towels and tablecloths need to be washed every day. What could it be? It sounds like the K Tower.” Shortly afterwards, her comment was deleted.

This newspaper had already confirmed the installation of a powerful underground cable system that supplies the high-speed internet that guests of the K Tower will have. / 14ymedio

Before this meteoric work, this newspaper had already confirmed the installation of a powerful underground cable system that supplies the high-speed Internet that will serve guests of the K Tower. Crossing J Street for a section, going down University Hill until passing Zapata Street and crossing the nearby Carlos III Avenue, the installation continued on its way to the vicinity of the Ministry of Information Technology and Communications, where one of the main nodes of access to the network of networks is located.

With these two undertakings, the clients of the luxurious hotel will be able to enjoy two of the services that cause Cubans the most suffering every day due to their instability: the water supply and web browsing.

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COLLABORATE WITH OUR WORKThe 14ymedio team is committed to practicing serious journalism that reflects Cuba’s reality in all its depth. Thank you for joining us on this long journey. We invite you to continue supporting us by becoming a member of 14ymedio now. Together we can continue transforming journalism in Cuba.

The Cuban Regime Is Dollarizing the Economy To Capture ‘The Foreign Currency That Is Currently Being Moved Illegally’

Prime Minister Marrero asked that the Government have control over the foreign currency and be the one to put it “in function of the well-being of the population”

The 3rd and 70th supermarket has accelerated the rise in the exchange rate. / 14ymedio

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, Madrid, 8 January 2024 — Cuba’s Prime Minister put on paper on Tuesday the government plan that  in recent days has everyone talking on the street, starting with the discussed opening of the 3rd and 70th supermarket, on the ground floor of the Gran Muthu Habana luxury hotel. The supermarket only accepts payment in dollars. Manuel Marrero clarified in a message broadcast through official channels that the “partial” dollarization that he announced before Parliament last December is a process “to be able to acquire the foreign currency that is moving illegally in society.”

The words were literally spoken by the head of the Government in the recent ordinary session of the National Assembly, which now appear verbatim in order to clarify the “doubts and concerns raised in recent days on social networks.” Marrero asked that the Government have control over the currencies in order to apply them “in function of the well-being of the population,” despite the fact that the debate indicates a generalized malaise, especially for the population that does not have the currency that gives access not only to a good standard of living, but simply to basic foods absent in the bodegas (ration stores) and in stores that accept in freely convertible currency (MLC), whose disappearance is increasingly openly speculated.

The Government’s note insists that “the way forward is the de-dollarization of the economy, but we must follow this previous path.” The phrase is exactly reminiscent of the words spoken in October 2020 by the then Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of the Economy, Alejandro Gil Fernández – who is now detained for an alleged corruption case that has never been clarified – when referring to the MLC stores, which had begun selling household appliances a year ago, months before offering food continue reading

products.

The official described the MLC stores as “undesirable but necessary and temporary” and argued that they “subsidized” “social justice.”

The official described the MLC stores as “undesirable but necessary and temporary” and argued that they “subsidized” “social justice.” The idea was then – as now – “to do something because foreign currency is running out” and to replenish it to “guarantee a minimum supply of national currency.” Also at that time, the intention was declared that the process would end with the peso as the only currency in circulation. The results are on display.

The note published on social media by the Cuban government highlights that there will be “territorial dollarization schemes, especially for export sectors, so that they can replenish themselves and continue producing, and that this will also have an impact on production in national currency for the population.” The similarity with Gil Fernández’s statements is obvious.

The control measures affect wholesale and retail sales, which must be approved after taking into account their justification. The payment of tariffs in foreign currency is also mentioned, “especially for foreign trade operations of non-state management forms,” a measure that follows the same path, since it was previously allowed to be carried out in MLC.

“The acceptance of cash in foreign currency in certain establishments is also being added, so that difficulties with electronic payment processes do not limit the obtaining of income,” the text details, which means that the State sacrifices its failed banking policy – ​​especially regarding payment methods in stores – in order to collect foreign currency.

“The actions have been implemented in the tourism sector, in Casas del Habano, in international pharmacies, opticians, international clinics, last-minute waiting rooms at airports and other environments that have been authorized as exceptions,” the message summarizes.

The Government note also states that “schemes have been approved to pay certain producers directly in foreign currency, so that they can acquire their inputs.”

The Government note also states that “schemes have been approved to pay certain producers directly in foreign currency, so that they can purchase their inputs, both for some who produce exportable goods and for agricultural producers.” It should be remembered that this measure had already been promised years ago for those producers who delivered a surplus with respect to what was contracted, however, the majority of potential beneficiaries constantly complained about non-payments, which prevented them from being able to purchase inputs that could only be paid for in foreign currency.

The first results of these policies have come in a big way. The dollar closed the year at exactly 300 pesos on the informal currency market, according to the representative rate published daily by El Toque. Only eight days later, the currency is already trading at 330 Cuban pesos, a much more dizzying jump than the previous fall. The currency, after a spring and summer of growth, during which it was feared that it would reach a rate of 500 pesos to the dollar, has stagnated since September at around 325, with small fluctuations.

The paralysis was mainly due to the new measures for the private sector, including the prohibition of wholesale sales of imported products or maximum prices for a group of foods considered essential. Caution was transferred to the parallel dollar market until, in the last 15 days of December, it fell to 300, from which it has recovered in just one week, especially as the increase in dollar stores has become known. The Infanta and Santa Marta store in Havana is another of the new Caribe stores that sells in dollars and, although it still accepts MLC, the employees themselves told this newspaper that it was foreseeable that this practice would cease.

Reactions to the government’s publication have made clear the discontent, once again, with this kind of recurring apartheid faced by citizens.

Reactions to the government’s publication have made clear the discontent, once again, with this kind of recurring apartheid faced by citizens. “No more deception. Remember the ‘Ordering Task’, a total failure for the people. You are bourgeois, you defend the bourgeoisie created by you. No more lies or use the name of Fidel or socialism,” demanded one commentator.

Another commentator showed the Prime Minister the door. “If someone chooses you to provide a service, whatever it may be, and after a certain period of time it has been impossible or difficult for you to keep your word, the most fair, moral and ethical thing to do is to hand over the benefits previously granted and give the space over for someone else to perform or provide the agreed service,” they said.

None of that is even remotely on the table, although his predecessor in the discourse, Alejandro Gil Fernández, already knows what it is like to have to move over.
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COLLABORATE WITH OUR WORKThe 14ymedio team is committed to practicing serious journalism that reflects Cuba’s reality in all its depth. Thank you for joining us on this long journey. We invite you to continue supporting us by becoming a member of 14ymedio now. Together we can continue transforming journalism in Cuba.

Maduro, Ready to ‘Take Up Arms’ With Cuba: Rumors Grow About ‘Red Berets’ Being Sent From the Island

The opposition “categorically” condemns the attack against the Venezuelan consulate in Lisbon

The silence in the streets of Venezuela marked the first day of the disputed third term of Nicolás Maduro, invested on Friday despite the electoral fraud / EFE/Miguel Gutierrez

14ymedio bigger14ymedio/ EFE, Havana/Caracas/Madrid, 12 January 2025 — Nicolás Maduro, sworn in on Friday as president of Venezuela in the Parliament controlled by Chavismo, threatened this Saturday that the country is preparing with Cuba and Nicaragua to “take up arms” in order to defend “the right to peace.”

“Venezuela is preparing together with Cuba, together with Nicaragua, together with our older brothers of the world, if one day we have to take up arms to defend the right to peace, the right to sovereignty and the historical rights of our homeland,” said the Chavista leader at the closing of the International Anti-Fascist World Festival, convened by the ruling party.

The statements coincide with growing rumors on the Island of sending Cuban troops to Caracas. A resident in Sancti Spíritus who asks for anonymity reports to this newspaper that a neighbor of hers was “very worried” because her son, belonging to the prevention troops of the Armed Forces (FAR), known as the Red Berets, had been mobilized. In her words, “she supports that they defend the Revolution, but she does not agree with sending her son to Venezuela.”

“She supports that they defend the Revolution, but she does not agree with sending her son to Venezuela”

Without official confirmation, Falcon Eyes, which monitors the movement of Cuban aircraft, said on Friday, the day of Maduro’s investiture, that a FAR continue reading

[Army] flight CU-T1456 traveled to Caracas at dawn “so as not to attract attention, with anti-riot troops and special troops.”

During Saturday’s meeting, Maduro called for a “great global alliance,” like the one he said was formed 80 years ago to advance the defeat of “fascism.” In reference to the victory of the extinct Soviet Union over Nazi Germany in World War II, he said: “Let no one be fooled: this scenario could arise again. Eighty years later, I ring the bell for humanity.” And he warned: “don’t make a mistake with Venezuela.”

“If it’s for good, we’ll move forward. And if it’s the hard way, we will also defeat the Fascists, so that they respect our people,” he added at the event, broadcast by the state channel VTV.

Yván Gil denounced on Saturday the attack with “fire bombs” against the consulate in Lisbon

Comando Con Venezuela, which is part of the largest anti-Chavista coalition, the Democratic Unitary Platform (PUD), “categorically” condemned this Sunday the attack against the general consulate of Venezuela in Lisbon, which was also denounced by the Administration of Nicolás Maduro and the Government of Portugal.

“We categorically reject and condemn any act of violence and join the call that reiterates the inviolability and protection of diplomatic missions and the importance of their protection, as stipulated in international law,” wrote the opposition team on the social network X.

The Venezuelan Foreign Minister, Yván Gil, denounced on Saturday an attack with “fire bombs” against the headquarters in Lisbon, accused “fascism” and thanked “the rapid intervention of the Portuguese authorities, which prevented further damage.” Likewise, according to a message published on Telegram, he hopes that the investigations will allow the attackers to be found and “determine the corresponding consequences.”

Portuguese police sources confirmed in statements to EFE that around 10 pm on Saturday “something similar” to a Molotov cocktail was thrown against the consulate, which caused, “from what it seems, some damage to the outside of the shutters” of the building, with no record of injuries.

The government of conservative Prime Minister Luís Montenegro “vehemently” condemned the attack and said it was an “intolerable” act. “The inviolability of diplomatic missions must be respected in all cases,” the Portuguese Foreign Ministry said.

According to official data, in Portugal there are about 10,000 Venezuelans registered as residents, and 1,600 voted in the presidential elections in their country, in which Nicolás Maduro obtained a disputed victory proclaimed by the pro-Maduro electoral body.

The Venezuelan community has organized protests in several Portuguese cities against the Chavista leader, in support of the claimed triumph of Edmundo González Urrutia.

Maduro took office as president for a third consecutive six-year term, set to run until 2031, despite allegations of fraud in the July 28 elections, made by the majority opposition which claimed the electoral triumph of González Urrutia and warned of the consummation of a “coup d’état.” The resounding victory, with 67% of the votes, is reflected in the minutes compiled by the opposition, ratified by international bodies such as the Carter Center – observer of the elections – and deposited in the National Bank of Panama.

In response, Maduro said on Saturday that “no one wants military intervention” or “more sanctions”

In the midst of the condemnation by much of the international community, which the Maduro Government also does not recognize, former Colombian presidents Álvaro Uribe (2002-2010) and Iván Duque (2018-2022) raised the possibility of an intervention in Venezuela.

In response, Maduro said on Saturday that “no one wants military intervention” or “more sanctions.”

Referring to this idea, the current Colombian president, Gustavo Petro, asked them to “stop thinking about death.” “Stop thinking about the death of brothers. Didn’t you read the story of Cain in the Bible?” Petro asked.

Uribe, who ruled Colombia between 2002 and 2010, spoke about the proposal for international intervention this Saturday in Cúcuta, the city with the main border crossing of Colombia with Venezuela, after Maduro’s investiture. “We call for an international intervention, preferably endorsed by the United Nations, to oust those tyrants from power and immediately call for free elections,” the former president said.

The position of Petro’s government, which states that there were no free elections in Venezuela and has not yet recognized Maduro as president, is to maintain relations with the neighboring country to avoid a new avalanche of refugees.

During his Saturday speech, Uribe also called on the Bolivarian National Armed Forces “to fulfill their function in accordance with the Constitution and help evict the dictatorship.”

In Caracas, some neighborhoods woke up practically empty and others had a timid influx of citizens

Moreover, the silence in the streets of Venezuela marked the first day of Nicolás Maduro’s third term, with little traffic and reduced commercial activity, while police and the military continued patrolling.

In Caracas, some neighborhoods were practically empty and others had a timid influx of citizens who went out to buy food or basic products, in view of the few open establishments, mostly in areas considered essential, according to EFE in a tour of eight areas of the capital.

“Today, Saturday, I was surprised because everything is closed,” Nixon Ávila, an engineer who needed to send a shipment, told EFE, something he considered “unusual.” “It’s not normal, I imagine it was because of what happened yesterday,” he said, regarding Maduro’s inauguration.

Meanwhile, the deployment of security agents continues, especially in the city center, where the headquarters of public authorities and state institutions are located.

Another citizen, who identified himself as Luis González, told EFE that, while “some places aren’t open yet out of fear,” there is a police presence “all over” Caracas and a “very low” number of people. González, a migrant who arrived in Venezuela 46 years ago, regretted that such a rich country “has so much poverty.”

“They say that nothing lasts forever,” said the man, who was expecting an upcoming announcement “by the opposition, the one who won the election,” he said, without mentioning a name.

Lorena Figueredo also hopes that the “change” announced on Friday by opposition leader María Corina Machado will materialize

Lorena Figueredo also hopes that the “change” announced on Friday by opposition leader María Corina Machado will soon materialize.”

In that sense, although Figueredo admitted to being “downcast” because of the current political crisis, she told EFE that “the last faith” she will lose is the possibility of a change of Government, in the hands of Chavismo since 1999.

While crossing a “quite dark” part of Caracas with few open shops, she said that she will continue living there with her children, who “say that they won’t leave their Venezuela” because “they continue to fight for their country.”

The silence in the eastern part of the city was broken on one street, where a group of Chavista supporters listened to a man playing the guitar and performing pieces by the late singer Ali Primera, who supported the ruling party.

“Here in Petare everything is the same as always, with the revolutionary people. Nothing has happened, and people are living like they do, with Chavismo for everyone. There will be more people on the street later when the party starts,” said David, who identified himself as the head of a UBCH (Hugo Chávez Battle Unit).

The crowded Plaza Baralt, in the center of Maracaibo, was “totally paralyzed”

At nightfall, two concerts organized by the ruling party to “celebrate” Maduro’s investiture in the east and west of the capital gathered hundreds of people, according to images transmitted by the state channel VTV.

In Maracaibo, capital of the state of Zulia (northwest), the panorama was similar: loneliness in the streets, few shops open and a strong police presence.

The busy Plaza Baralt, in the city center, was “totally paralyzed,” according to a merchant who, as on Friday, when “there were no sales,” predicted that he would close early for the second consecutive day.

“We are sick of politics, and that also affects the turnout,” Rodulfo Gutiérrez, a 68-year-old craftsman, told EFE. He is a resident of the capital of this boundary region with Colombia, where the border was closed by the Venezuelan authorities until next Monday.

The drop in the circulation of people is also noticeable in the coastal strip of the state of La Guaira (north), usually full of visitors. Today there were plenty of spaces for vehicles to park.

Translated by Regina Anavy

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COLLABORATE WITH OUR WORKThe 14ymedio team is committed to practicing serious journalism that reflects Cuba’s reality in all its depth. Thank you for joining us on this long journey. We invite you to continue supporting us by becoming a member of 14ymedio now. Together we can continue transforming journalism in Cuba.

Emigration Procedures in the Civil Registry of Cienfuegos, Cuba, Take Forever and Provoke Anxiety

“Three months ago I requested the registrations I need to process my Spanish citizenship. Since then, I have come six times”

Cienfuegos Civil Registry Office, in the historic center of the city / 14ymedio

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, Julio César Contreras, Cienfuegos, 12 January 2024 / The sun has barely risen and the line already extends to the outskirts of the Cienfuegos Civil Registry, in the historic center of the city. Some stand in front of the large entrance gate; others look for accommodation on the sidewalk or under the overhang of a nearby facade. Among the eyes that remain fixed on the number 2309 of Santa Cruz Street are those of Natalia, who must request the birth registrations of her parents. “I am completing my file to apply for Spanish nationality,” she explains.

She is another face of the Cubans who escape, not only on the rafts that are launched into the sea, crossing the Darién jungle or opting for the route to the south, but also in every Civil Registry office. Most of those who apply for a birth, marriage or death certificate in Cienfuegos have the same goal: to get out and leave behind the crisis, the long blackouts and the hopelessness.

Each person waiting in line has a story in which boredom and illusion are mixed. There is the retiree who has has come four times to correct an error in his mother’s death certificate. “If I don’t make the transfer and have her house in my name, I can’t sell it.” The reason for his rush is similar to Natalia’s: “I want to meet my son who is in Miami and take part of the money from the sale.”

“You get here and think it’s going to be easy but then go from frustration to disgust,” laments Natalia

The office receives an avalanche of applications. According to the Provincial Directorate of Justice in Cienfuegos, in January 2023 almost 20,100 certifications were issued, about 11,600 more than in the same period last year. The entry into force, in 2022, of the Democratic Memory Law in Spain has led thousands of Cubans to dust off their origins to obtain a European continue reading

passport. During 2024, the trend was maintained, also egged on by the Humanitarian Parole Program implemented in 2023 by the United States.

“You get here and think it’s going to be easy but then go from frustration to disgust,” laments Natalia. An employee has opened the main door of the Civil Registry and begins to shout directions to those waiting in line. In a few minutes, the line is restructured according to each type of procedure, and some go to the central courtyard to line up. Others occupy positions in the access corridor in front of the office of a bored-looking receptionist.

“Three months ago I requested the registration I need to process Spanish citizenship. Since then, I have come six times, and the unthinkable has happened to me. My dad supposedly did not appear registered until the end of the working day due to lack of electricity,” Natalia tells this newspaper. Each new visit is “a bitter drink” and a test of her nerves.

“The employees of this place now know me and even treat me kindly, but I don’t end up with the documents.” Like the office furniture, Natalia feels that she has become one more object between those walls without solving her problem. “All I need is a couple of pieces of paper; that’s what separates me right now from my new life.”

Although announcements of digitization of archives and records are frequent in the official press, in the place on Santa Cruz Street nothing seems to have changed in two centuries with respect to the way in which certifications are written and issued. “An employee made a mistake when transcribing my divorce certificate. He changed one letter in my last name and now I have to start the whole process again,” says a young man who arrived at dawn to “be one of the first to enter.”

“Right now we are just a little busy; two of the five employees we had last year have left. We are also emigrating, all day we have to be in contact with people who leave. It’s like working at an airport; all the time you are thinking about a trip,” says an employee who prefers anonymity. “Everything falls on us, the requests that are made here and also those that are made on the internet, through digital platforms.”

“One of the biggest problems we have is that with this ’law of grandchildren’ many people are requesting documents that are a century or more old and that are not digitized,” she adds. “You have to immerse yourself in a lot of very old books, full of dust, fragile and sometimes with a level of deterioration that it is difficult to read a name or surname clearly.” The woman has had several health problems related to her work.

“Allergies, skin problems are very common, and a few years ago I got a staphylococcus infection that I caught here and was on sick leave for three months,” she explains. Salaries don’t help either. Normally, employees don’t earn more than 10,000 pesos a month, a little more than 30 dollars at the informal exchange rate. “That’s why what happens happens: many people survive by taking orders from special customers,” she adds.

“Right now we are just a little busy; two of the five employees we had last year have left”

The “special clients” that the employee talks about are people who, unlike Natalia, have enough resources to skip the line outside the Civil Registry. They are those who slip a certain amount of money into the right hands to speed up the time to obtain a birth certificate, an old record of their grandparents’ marriage or proof that a brother died in that city almost half a century ago.

In the intricate networks of the Cuban black market, notary services, bureaucratic procedures and access to the oldest archives also have their price. “I manage powers of attorney, bachelorhood, criminal records, death registrations, marriage and birth certificates, titles and notes, in addition to legalizations in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,” reads an advertisement on a digital classifieds site.

“The prices vary according to the trouble you have and the complexity of the procedure,” clarifies the solicitous seller after a query from this newspaper. “For 20,000 pesos we get the certification of his two grandparents and he has them in his hands in less than a month, with all the data verified and without errors, nothing to be corrected because all the work is done impeccably, without typos, each surname with its correct spelling and the accents where they go.” For a higher price, you can reconstruct and even falsify from scratch a family tree that adapts to any requirement abroad. “If Galician, Galician; if you prefer Basque, then Basque,” he adds with ease when entering into confidence.

The digital path through the page of the Ministry of Justice is “wasted time,” according to Luis Ángel, another Cienfuegan who believed the official propaganda. “I went online, I made the request with all the data they asked me for, and six months later I had to come in person because they did not have the certificate ready or an answer for the delay.” In this case, as in so many with the Cuban bureaucracy, the 47-year-old man advises going personally to the records: “Seeing is believing,” he concludes.

A painting on the wall of the Santa Cruz Street registry shows an image of Raúl Castro. Under his gaze, people waiting to complete a procedure also weave relationships. “I want to go to Seville, I’m going to leave you my email in case we can meet there,” says a woman to a young woman with a small child who reaches out to take the small piece of paper with the data.

“Don’t stay in Madrid, rents are very expensive,” recommends a man to another who only needs to correct an error in his grandmother’s name to complete the file that will turn him into a Cuban Spaniard. The conversation is interrupted by the scream of the receptionist. “There are only two computers working, and we will attend to a few cases, remember that after noon we will have a blackout, so do not give the last place in line to anyone.”

Translated by Regina Anavy

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COLLABORATE WITH OUR WORKThe 14ymedio team is committed to practicing serious journalism that reflects Cuba’s reality in all its depth. Thank you for joining us on this long journey. We invite you to continue supporting us by becoming a member of 14ymedio now. Together we can continue transforming journalism in Cuba.

Cuba Receives a Shipment of Medicines From India To ‘Recover’ From the 2024 Hurricanes

Last June, the Island received another batch of ingredients from India to make antibiotics

Among the 32 million dollars sent in exports from India to the Island in 2024, pharmaceutical products predominated /X/Randhir Jaiswal

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, Havana, 11 January 2025 — Cuba continues to receive donations from countries that have shown solidarity with the Island after the passage of hurricanes Oscar and Rafael at the end of 2024. This Friday, a shipment of medicines “essential to contribute to the recovery” arrived from India, and the Cuban Foreign Ministry thanked the Government of New Delhi for the “humanitarian assistance.”

Randhir Jaiswal, spokesman for the Indian Foreign Ministry, reported on social network X that the shipment contains antibiotics, antipyretics, analgesics, oral solutions and muscle relaxants. “India’s contribution to the Island shows the close ties of both countries; this year they celebrate the 65th anniversary of their diplomatic links,” added the Cuban Foreign Ministry.

Last June, India sent Cuba 90 tons of nine “active pharmaceutical ingredients” to be used in the production of “essential antibiotics in the form of tablets, capsules, syrups and injections, for the treatment of chronic communicable diseases.”

Indian is one of Cuba’s top 20 trading partners

India is one of Cuba’s top 20 trading partners, and among the 32 million dollars sent in exports to the Island in the 2024 fiscal year, pharmaceutical and chemical products predominated, according to data from the Indian continue reading

Ministry of Commerce.

Although the last visit at the highest level between presidents dates back to 2018, with the trip to Cuba of then Indian president, Ram Nath Kovind, both countries maintain frequent contact. The Minister of State for Foreign and Cultural Affairs of India, Meenakashi Lekhi, visited the Island in January 2023 to strengthen political dialogue and economic relations with the Cuban regime.

Another important trading partner, China, donated to the Island at the end of December a shipment of parts to repair generators of the national electrical system (SEN). “This Project of Equipment and Spare Parts of Distributed Electric Generators for Cuba of the Chinese Government responds to the consensus reached between Miguel Díaz-Canel Bermúdez, First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba and President of the Republic of Cuba, and the president of the Asian giant, Xi Jinping, in multisectoral cooperation,” the official press clarified at the time.

According to the Chinese ambassador to Cuba, the delivery is part of a second assistance package aimed at restoring generation capacity

According to Hua Xin, China’s ambassador to Cuba, the delivery is part of a second package of assistance aimed at restoring a generation capacity of 400 megawatts (MW) in more than 70 thermoelectric plants powered by diesel and fuel oil. The donation was 69 tons and “contains radiators, motors and other accessories, while the arrival of other donations for the generation of electricity is expected.”

In the first days of this year, the Island announced the repair of several pieces of SEN equipment and infrastructure thanks to the Chinese donation. On Monday, December 30, the first repaired generator was launched with the help of Beijing, the Chinese ambassador reported.

According to the Minister of Energy and Mines, Vicente de La O Levy, compared to thermoelectric plants, the investment process in distributed generation is much faster and cheaper, since the resources necessary for its operation can easily reach the Island. He also clarified that the State was negotiating the purchase of parts in the international market to put the plants into operation.

Translated by Regina Anavy

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COLLABORATE WITH OUR WORKThe 14ymedio team is committed to practicing serious journalism that reflects Cuba’s reality in all its depth. Thank you for joining us on this long journey. We invite you to continue supporting us by becoming a member of 14ymedio now. Together we can continue transforming journalism in Cuba.

Enrisco, Between Freedom and Power

From New Jersey, the Cuban writer, professor and humorist speaks to us of the divine aspect of making humanity laugh about the inhuman.

Today, Enrique del Risco is the writer who most profoundly and ironically analyses the intricacies of local politics in the last seven decades. / Eric del Risco

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, Jorge Fernandez Era, Havana, 12 January 2025 — Pérdida y recuperación de la inocencia (Loss and Recovery of Innocence) is one of those books that change the perception of literature, humor, and the border that is often built between the two. It was published in 1994 by someone who was part of the humor movement that emerged in the eighties in Cuban universities. Today, Enrique del Risco is the writer who most deeply and ironically analyzes the intricacies of local politics in the last seven decades. This is supported by, among others, his book of articles El Comandante Ya Tiene Quien le Escriba (El Comandante Already Has Someone to Write to Him) (2003), the memoir Nuestra hambre en La Habana (Our Hunger in Havana ), the book of essays Historia y masoquismo (History and Masochism) (2023), as well as the anthologies El compañero que me atendi (El Compañero Who Looked After Me) (2017) and another on the way, where several intellectuals delve into the influences of perestroika and glasnost on Cuban thought at the end of the 20th century.

It was about time we called him up and sat down for a serious talk.

Jorge Fernandez Era/14ymedio: How does the weird balance between being funny and being boring work?

Enrique del Risco: It is a balance, and balances are always complicated. There is no unique or permanent recipe. In order not to fall into boredom, you have to avoid excesses and clichés, and surprise the spectator, which forces you to seek originality, even in the most hackneyed subjects. Above all, respect the public, think that they are as or more intelligent than you are,  treat them accordingly, know how to use complicity without abusing it. There will always be audiences that are dumber than you, but for them, comedians are not needed: they laugh at anything.

“If Fidel’s plane collides with Raúl’s plane, who will be saved? Answer: the people.” That’s pretty free, isn’t it?

Jorge Fernandez Era/14ymedio: After “Humor between Freedom and Power,” your iconic text from more than thirty years ago, which of the three of them has changed? Have you?

Enrique del Risco: Iconic, I don’t know for whom, but freedom and humor have changed somewhat, even if power remains in the same place. In that article I said that it was part of the logic of humor to confront power and snatch away spaces of freedom, without which humor cannot exist. I had in mind, on the one hand, a totalitarian power like the Cuban one and, on the other, the humor that is exercised in the public space.

In private, humor never ceased to be free. I remember the first political joke I heard: “If Fidel’s plane collides with Raúl’s plane, who will be saved? The answer: The people.” That’s free enough, isn’t it? Even if the Fidelista child I was at the time didn’t immediately get the joke.

Since 1994, when the article was published, Cuban humor has conquered wide spaces of freedom. It achieved this within the country, where those in continue reading

power have had to resign themselves to seeing Mentepollo or Pánfilo appear on television with their Vivir del Cuento. Possibly the sweetest moment of humor in its relationship with those in power was when Obama, the first American president to visit Cuba in almost a century, preferred to go to the set of Vivir del Cuento rather than pay homage to Fidel Castro in Punto Cero.

That power has also had to resign itself to the fact that you continue writing even though you suffer firsthand from power’s poor sense of humor.

That power has also had to resign itself to the fact that you continue writing even though you suffer firsthand from power’s poor sense of humor. Others – I suppose with less of a hero’s vocation – have preferred to seek freedom outside the Island. I think of the legion that has been making humor for decades, such as Ramón Fernández Larrea, Pepe Pelayo, Alexis Valdés, El Pible, Garrincha or Lauzán, and the others that have joined in recent years. The best thing we have done is not use freedom as an excuse to fall into weightiness, which is ultimately as dangerous as power or more so for a comedian.

It helps a lot that digital technology has largely freed us from the condemnation that separates Cuban comedians into “inside” and “outside.” I remember, a couple of decades ago, seeing Jorge Bacallao reading his text about Havana. I thought about how good it would have been to keep a record of the shows at the Carlos Marx and the Mella in the late eighties and early nineties. Or of the readings by Eduardo del Llano, Pedro Lorenzo and myself at the Esperando por Gutenberg group in La Madriguera.

Today we can access what is happening inside: the La Risa por Delante space, the magnificent shows of the new version of La Leña del Humor… And from there you can also keep up to date with what we do here.

Jorge Fernandez Era/14ymedio: “El comandante has no one to write for him” and yet you do.

Enrique del Risco: I had not written humor for years when I took up my nom de guerre, Enrisco, again in 2000 to publish weekly columns in Cubaencuentro. Making humor out of Cuban politics was not well received, partly because in exile a solemn tone had been imposed when speaking of “poor Cuba, martyr of Castro-communism” and similar niceties, and partly because the humorists who came out of Cuba since the beginning of the Revolution imposed a “combative humor” that is a contradiction in itself. You can make fun of a dictatorship, make people lose the fear or respect it inspires, but from there to believing that you are a “soldier of laughter” or any other war metaphor is a very dangerous leap. The world of war and the allegories it engenders is full of rigidity, and this can only serve a humorist to make fun of it.

If by “Cuba” you don’t just mean the largest archipelago of the Antilles, but the regime that prevails there, that’s a bad joke.

The greatest merit of those columns of mine in Cubaencuentro – part of which ended up in the book Comandante Ya Tiene Quien le Escriba (El Comandante Already Has Someone Who Writes to Him) – together with the letters of Ramón Fernández Larrea and the apotheotic irruption of Lauzán with his Guamá, was to change the perception that political humor in exile should be as stiff as that in Cuba, only with Uncle Sam replaced by Fidel. If there was one thing that Castroism and anti-Castroism agreed on, it was that politics was a serious matter. As Woody Allen says, “comedy is tragedy plus time,” and we had lived in Cuba too long to realize that no matter how macabre the system was, at its core it was a farce.

Those of us who started making political humor wanted to be free not only as people, but also as comedians. That creative freedom we sought was reflected in what we did. In my case, it helped that I didn’t wait to leave Cuba to make political humor. At least as far as humor is concerned, when I left the Island I was already free.

Jorge Fernandez Era/14ymedio: It is an axiom that a joke cannot and should not be explained. Can Cuba be explained?

Enrique del Risco: From a geographical point of view, it is very easy. But if by “Cuba” you do not only mean the largest archipelago of the Antilles, but also the ruling regime – remember that in 1959 Fidel Castro had the idea of ​​offering “freedom with bread” – that is a bad joke, a bad joke that only succeeds in being taken seriously because of local vileness and foreign stupidity. Or vice versa.

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COLLABORATE WITH OUR WORKThe 14ymedio team is committed to practicing serious journalism that reflects Cuba’s reality in all its depth. Thank you for joining us on this long journey. We invite you to continue supporting us by becoming a member of 14ymedio now. Together we can continue transforming journalism in Cuba.

Economist Pavel Vidal Sees the Success of a Floating Exchange Rate in Cuba As Difficult

Five factors must be met, including “unrestricted access to dollars, euros and other international currencies”

“Isolated and fragmented measures are not enough in any area, and the exchange rate system is no exception,” says economist Pavel Vidal /Facebook/Cadeca – Casas de Cambio

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, Madrid, 10 January 2025 — Given Cuba’s economic conditions, it is difficult for the proposal to establish a floating exchange rate announced by Prime Minister Manuel Marrero, before Parliament last December, to achieve the purpose of “ordering” the exchange rate system, today mostly in the hands of the irregular market. This is, broadly speaking, what emerges from the report by Cuban economist Pavel Vidal, published this Friday in El Toque by the Cuban Observatory of Currencies and Finances (OMFi).

The specialist, a professor at the Pontifical Javeriana University of Cali (Colombia), doubts the viability of the measure “in the context of the current economic crisis” and questions whether the informal foreign exchange market will disappear with it. As he warns, “the formalization of the foreign exchange market does not mean that the Government can manipulate the exchange rate arbitrarily.” If it did, if the State “tried to artificially influence the exchange rate, especially in the sense of an appreciation, a severe blow to the credibility of the system would be generated, affecting its operability and sustainability, and the objective would not be achieved” of having a substitute for the irregular market.

To begin with, on day zero, Vidal analyzes, “it is most likely that a rate close to that of the informal market will be established to attract the actors who operate in it” – 335 pesos for 1 dollar this Friday. What will be the criteria and sources of information to move the exchange rate daily, he wonders, answering: “In market economies, competition between banks and exchange houses allows supply and demand movements to be reflected in real time, but in Cuba, where the monopoly of the formal foreign exchange continue reading

market will remain in the hands of the State, clear and transparent rules of the formula that will be used to adjust the daily rate are required.”

The economist doubts the feasibility of the measure “in the context of the current economic crisis” and questions whether the informal foreign exchange market will disappear

Another unresolved question is whether they will allow micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) to participate in the new foreign exchange market – on which the Government has not pronounced – which would be, for the professor of Economics, “a significant change with respect to the current system and crucial to achieve the formalization of their operations.”

For the floating exchange rate to be successful, in short, there would have to be five factors that are difficult to achieve on the Island. The first, a better macroeconomic scenario. “Given that recent exchange rate policy announcements have not been accompanied by the presentation of a macroeconomic stabilization program, nor is there a political will to implement weighty structural reforms, it is unlikely that there is a comfortable scenario for the replacement of the informal foreign exchange market,” says Vidal.

The expert recalls precisely that if the Cuban Government managed, in the mid-1990s, during the Special Period, to replace the informal foreign exchange market with transactions in the Cadeca exchange houses, it was because “in parallel there was a significant fiscal adjustment, and important structural reforms introduced at the time, such as the opening to remittances, self-employment and foreign investments,” in addition to “a reform of the banking and financial system.”

On this point, he also says that “no significant improvements in international conditions are expected that may favor the performance of the Cuban economy,” and that, on the contrary, the imminent Administration of Donald Trump in the United States augurs “a new escalation of economic sanctions that further worsen balance of payments restrictions and external financial conditions.”

“Cuba is not a member of the main international multilateral financial institutions nor does it have funding to implement the exchange rate reform,” adds the economist. “Participation in the BRICS [emerging economies] is not known to have an impact on a relaxation of external financial conditions for the Cuban economy for the time being.”

“Cuba is not a member of the main international multilateral financial institutions nor does it have funding to implement the exchange rate reform,” adds the economist

A second factor to take into account is that the informal foreign exchange market in Cuba “has been consolidated in this decade as a mechanism that allows meeting the demand for foreign exchange that the official market cannot satisfy.” A feasible objective, Vidal proposes, “would be to try to transfer the supply and demand of foreign exchange from the population and private companies to exchange houses and banks by offering security, a flexible and realistic exchange rate,” and access to “unrestricted dollars, euros and other international currencies.”

However, Vidal doubts that this will be the case. On the contrary, “it is very likely that the Government will mistake the functions of a formalized foreign exchange market and try to use it as a mechanism for collecting and displacing the uses of foreign exchange.”

A third aspect that is not met on the Island, one that would be “essential to manage the floating of the exchange rate with technical and economic criteria,” is the autonomy of the Central Bank, since “political interference could negatively affect the coherence of the movements of the formal rate.”

As a fourth success factor, the implementation of a floating exchange rate is “in principle, a positive measure,” he insists, and he explains that it should be given as part of “a comprehensive strategy that focuses on exchange rate unification and the convertibility of the national currency.” And he warns: “Isolated and fragmented measures are not enough in any area, and the exchange rate system is not the exception.”

It is also essential that, in addition to the floating exchange rate in the Cadeca exchange houses and banks for operations with the population, “it is essential to correct the official exchange rate [24 pesos for 1 dollar] that applies to state-owned companies.” Many of these, describes the expert, operate as “zombi companies,” “surviving thanks to subsidies and the overvaluation of the official exchange rate” without generating wealth.

The fifth and last aspect that Vidal puts on the table is the weak logistical and technological capacity of the country. “Without an efficient infrastructure, operational limitations will continue to divert users to the informal market,” concludes the professor.

Translated by Regina Anavy

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COLLABORATE WITH OUR WORKThe 14ymedio team is committed to practicing serious journalism that reflects Cuba’s reality in all its depth. Thank you for joining us on this long journey. We invite you to continue supporting us by becoming a member of 14ymedio now. Together we can continue transforming journalism in Cuba.

Only Six of the 14 Sugar Mills Planned Are Grinding Sugar in Cuba

Barely 25% of what was planned has been ground, and “sugar production is at an insufficient 21%”

At this time, the data for the previous harvest are still unknown / Invasor

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, Madrid, 10 January 2024 — The bad data for the sugar industry can only worse. Last October, at the start of the 2024-2025 harvest, the vice president of the Council of Ministers, Jorge Luis Tapia Fonseca, revealed that there would be grinding in only 15 sugar mills throughout the country, the lowest number in history, since just three years ago there were 36. This Thursday, however, the authorities said that “of the 14 planned” – and it is now one less – only six are working.

The result, therefore, is painful. Barely 25% of what was planned has been ground, and “sugar production [is] at an insufficient 21%,” Dionis Pérez Pérez, director of the state-owned Azcuba, who only had one comforting piece of data, told the official State newspaper Granma: “Ninety percent of the processes are energy efficient,” he said, which was not any use. The official pointed out that these figures have been affected not only by the “non-incorporation” of these eight mills – “which represent 75% of the accumulated debt in the sector – but also by the “late start-up.”

The efficiency is due to the fact that, despite the very poor figures, last year was worse, since five more mills are now grinding, and half the sugar was produced. The 2023-2024 harvest remains a state secret and, although all government officials who have spoken about that industry have warned that the figures were disastrous and that work must be done for the survival of continue reading

the sector, the tons of the product have never been quantified.

The last harvest for which there is data is that of 2022-2023, when 350,000 tons of sugar were achieved, the worst harvest since 1898, and well below the more than half a million of national consumption

The last harvest for which there is data is that of 2022-2023, when 350,000 tons of sugar were achieved, the worst harvest since 1898, and well below the more than half a million of national consumption, not to mention the more than 400,000 tons that were exported. Now, even sugar, the Island’s star product for at least a century, must be imported. Last year, according to official data, Cuba imported sugar and derived products worth $36,576,000, surpassing exports, which reached just $11,187,000.

According to the manager of Azcuba, the condition of the plants is one of the reasons why grinding is minimal. It should be remembered that, in 1959, Cuba had 161 sugar mills that produced 5.6 million tons of sugar in that last harvest in private hands. The mills were kept in shape during the years of the Soviet subsidy, with the best sugar production data between the 70s and 80s – more than 8.5 million tons – although the Fidelist utopia of ten million tons could never be reached.

However, “the electro-energy situation has delayed the repair work in the plants, as well as in the cleaning centers and mechanization workshops. This includes national factories, which provide essential parts and pieces for the operation of the sugar industry,” Pérez Pérez said on Thursday.

In addition, only 10% of the fuel needed for the sugar industry has been assured, significantly reducing “operational capacity and complicating logistics.”

The official regretted that all this has affected the oxygen gas, which the plants also produce, “due to breakdowns in the mill and the lack of raw material.” Electricity generation did not go well either, with 36% (19,707 megawatts per hour), of which 10,358 MWh were sold to the National Electric System. Despite this, the bioelectric produces 25 MWh, which saves 3,300 tons of diesel.

The amount is not to be disregarded, in any case, given the precarious state in which the country’s electricity industry finds itself, and which in turn affects the sugar industry. This Thursday, coinciding with the passage of the cold front across Cuba, the Electric Union had predicted a deficit of 700 MW during peak hours, generating 2,200 MW compared to a demand of 2900 MW.

One of the hopes to reduce the high electricity deficits is placed in the repair of the two units of the Carlos Manuel de Céspedes thermoelectric plant

One of the hopes to reduce the high electricity deficits is in the repair of the two units of the Carlos Manuel de Céspedes thermoelectric plant, in Cienfuegos, which broke down at the same time. This Friday, Granma also set April and June for the synchronization of the plant, which contributes about 316 MW to the system.

José Osvaldo González Rodríguez, its general manager, explains that after the total disconnection of the National Electric System (SEN) that occurred last October, checks were carried out that determined “the need to intervene, in a profound way, in several elements of the turbine,” a very complex task that should conclude in one case this January and in the other next month.

To this have been added, with regard to unit 3, repairs on auxiliary equipment, transformers and a boiler. The first half of April, if all goes well – an exceptional situation in Cuba – the unit should be synchronized with the SEN. As for unit 4, “it already had a certain level of misalignment in the elements of the overheater and reheater, which had caused failures in the pipes.” This case is even more serious, since it requires the replacement of “the exchangers associated with this failure, i.e. secondary and primary superheaters, reheater and economizer.” There will also be maintenance on the rest of the elements that make up the unit, which should be working well in June.

Translated by Regina Anavy

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COLLABORATE WITH OUR WORKThe 14ymedio team is committed to practicing serious journalism that reflects Cuba’s reality in all its depth. Thank you for joining us on this long journey. We invite you to continue supporting us by becoming a member of 14ymedio now. Together we can continue transforming journalism in Cuba.

Cupet Presents False Data To Hide the Oil Production Crisis in Cuba

In 2008, the Island extracted 68,493 barrels per day, 44% more than last year

Exploitation of Zarubezhneft in Boca de Jaruco, Mayabeque / Zarubezhneft

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, Havana, 11 January 2025 — Transparency when it comes to providing accurate and clear data on crude oil production remains one of the pending issues of the Cuban government. According to Osvaldo López, head of Exploration of the Cuba Petroleum Union (Cupet), the Island produced 40,000 barrels a day in 2024 – 98% of its extraction plan – but the US “blockade” allegedly prevents it from attracting foreign investment to search for new deposits.

For the expert Jorge Piñón, who worked more than 30 years in the international oil industry and analyzes the regime’s oil business step by step, the data offered by López to the State newspaper Granma on January 7 are misleading, especially in terms of the alleged effects of the embargo.

To improve its total figure, Cupet reports the production of “oil equivalent,” a technical term that includes the mixing of light hydrocarbons derived from the production of natural gas.

“Both light hydrocarbons and condensates – butane, propane, natural gasoline and naphtha that are extracted in Energas’ natural gas processing plants – are mixed with the production of extra-heavy crude oil to improve its viscosity and allow its transport via pipelines or maritime and land transport,” explains Piñón. continue reading

According to Piñón’s estimates, the real amount is 38,000 barrels of extra-heavy crude oil per day

The data that Cupet would have to provide is that of the crude oil production at the top of the oil well. According to Piñón’s estimates, the real amount is 38,000 barrels of extra-heavy crude oil per day and not, as the Government claims, 40,000.

Cuba reached its production record in 2008, when it extracted 68,493 barrels per day, according to official figures. This implies a drop of 44% in the last 16 years, says the expert. This decline cannot be attributed to the “lack of material resources and financing,” as Cupet alleges, but to the “natural decline of the oil wells in the northern strip of Cuba.” In this, too, the Government turns its back on reality.

In his interview, López also admitted that the amount of crude oil reported covers only a third of the country’s consumption. This data does coincide with the demand for 120,858 barrels per day of crude oil and liquid petroleum-derived fuels that Cuba reported in 2022, explains Piñón. Last year, due to blackouts and lack of foreign exchange to buy fuel, it is likely that the demand was much lower.

The extreme viscosity of Cuban crude oil requires a complex process of improvement to make it useful for consumption. Since 2011, Cupet has tried to get the Russian state-owned Zarubezhneft and the Federal University of Kazan to implement effective processes to improve the crude oil extracted in Boca de Jaruco, Mayabeque. In thirteen years, the project has not shown the slightest impact on national production, says Piñón.

López also said that it is “vital to discover crude oil with better quality and to find deposits off the coast.” If this is not done, it is because of the “blockade”* of the United States, he added, and because Cuba has to “fall in love” with foreign companies to invest in Cuba.

López also said that it is “vital to discover crude oil with better quality and to find deposits off the coast”

However, counters Piñón, the “embargo” did not prevent Cuba from drilling five wells in deep waters of the Straits of Florida and the Gulf of Mexico in 2012. Large companies such as Repsol (Spain), Statoil (Norway), Petronas (Malasia) and ONGC (India) were involved in the project, “with one of the most advanced platforms in the world -Scarabeo 9 – owned by the Italian ENI.”

It was a total failure. Despite the efforts, no profitable well was discovered, and those results continue to frighten investors, explains Piñón. In addition, the countries of the region compete with Cuba when it comes to “falling in love” with large companies. Compared to Guyana, Brazil or the US area of the Gulf, the Island is not an attraction.

Granma’s interview with the official also omits important data. Nothing is said about the operations of the Australian Melbana, which received permission from the Cuban government to export the oil it found in the so-called Block 9 of Matanzas.

Shipments from Russia also play an essential role in Cuba’s energy future. The Kremlin enters 2025 with a tightening of Washington’s sanctions to limit its oil business, and Havana, Piñón thinks, could take an unexpected benefit from the situation.

This week, the United States sanctioned the 180 tankers that make up the so-called “ghost fleet” of Russian oil, in addition to two companies, dozens of traders and senior officials. With its constant change of flags and records, and despite the risk of financial sanctions against shipowners or even the interception of their ships in the Caribbean, Cuba will be one of the possible destinations for that oil in search of customers at prices well below the international market.

*Translator’s note: There is, in fact, no US ‘blockade’ on Cuba, but this continues to be the term the Cuban government prefers to apply to the long-standing US embargo. 

Translated by Regina Anavy

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COLLABORATE WITH OUR WORKThe 14ymedio team is committed to practicing serious journalism that reflects Cuba’s reality in all its depth. Thank you for joining us on this long journey. We invite you to continue supporting us by becoming a member of 14ymedio now. Together we can continue transforming journalism in Cuba.

“We Family Members Have Been Banned From Posting on Social Media Because Enemies Take Advantage of It To Harm the Country”

The “Explosion process” at Melones is still “active” and “it is still not possible to go in,” according to the authorities.

The government reported that it has “protected” several hundred people residing in the vicinity of the facility / Facebook/Joel Queipo Ruiz

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, Miguel García, Holguín, 10 January 2025 — The obsolete weapons stored in the military warehouse that exploded on January 7 in Melones, in the municipality of Rafael Freyre in Holguín, are still in the “process of explosions” and the experts have not yet been able to reach the site. Three days after the first detonation and with 13 people missing – most of them military service conscripts – the despair of the families is increasing.

“There are several mothers with nervous breakdowns because they are only told to be calm, but they do not make any progress in the search,” a relative of the family of one of the young soldiers told 14ymedio. “The mother of one of the boys from the military service who is missing is my friend and she is devastated. Yesterday she tried to go out on her own to the military base to look for her son and we had to stop her, but the lack of response is enormous, they only tell us that we have to wait.”

According to the head of the Communist Party in the province and member of the Central Committee, Joel Queipo Ruiz, the security forces have authorized the return of some displaced persons to houses “located at a radius distance that no longer poses any danger.” As for the “specialized actions, they continue to be carried out within the limits of a certain radius outward from the center of the place.”

Queipo, who referred to the warehouse as a “wrecked facility,” did not give a date for the search of the missing people, he said he is in contact with their relatives. The area is still dangerous for the “physical safety of any continue reading

human action,” he said. “As soon as conditions permit, the site will be accessed with all the established protective measures.”

“We are also afraid,” adds the source interviewed by 14ymedio, “because we have been told that we cannot talk about this with anyone or post anything on social media because enemies are taking advantage of what has happened to harm the country. I have my WhatsApp full of messages from our relatives who live in other parts of Holguín and I am afraid to answer them because I don’t know if something will happen to me.”

According to the source, “the officers’ families are handling this differently because many of them are very involved people, people from the government, and they know that their husband or son had chosen a job that involves risks. But the conscripts’s parents do not have that strength because they were not there because they wanted to be, they were forced. My friend’s son sometimes said that they were forced to move ammunition, but he talked about it as if everything was under control as if there was no danger.

Several accounts of failed attempts to approach the area have circulated in the official press

“I haven’t said anything to him, but I already have set up a little altar in my house with his picture and a candle. It’s not because I think he’s dead, but if he’s alive he’s also going to need that to get out of there.” She says there are two nerve-wracking issues: “not knowing if he is alive or dead and thinking, about what he could have suffered if he died and if perhaps he was trapped and it was something very painful and long.”

The official press has circulated several stories of failed attempts to approach the area. One of them, published in the State newspaper Granma, was about the president of the Municipal Assembly of People’s Power of Rafael Freyre, Alexis Driggs Gómez. The leader, according to the newspaper, “bears on his forehead, between his eyes, the mark of the impact of a shard of glass from the first big explosion that occurred in the Military Unit.”

Driggs was in the area with a group of military personnel at 2 a.m. when the shock wave from one of the detonations threw them to the ground, “amid a cloud of particles, dirt and dust flying in all directions.”

Authorities have not said much about the details of the accident itself, although it is estimated that there have been at least two separate explosions on the first day, and many more in the following days. Without information on how much military material was stored at Melones it is impossible to get an accurate idea of how much more ammunition will blow up in the area.

Translated by LAR

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COLLABORATE WITH OUR WORKThe 14ymedio team is committed to practicing serious journalism that reflects Cuba’s reality in all its depth. Thank you for joining us on this long journey. We invite you to continue supporting us by becoming a member of 14ymedio now. Together we can continue transforming journalism in Cuba.

For the First Time Since 1959, Cuba Grants Land for Harvesting to a Foreign Company

Vietnam has already cooperated in rice production, but this time it will do so with a lease contract for a Vietnamese company

Vietnamese technicians in Sancti Spíritus. (Granma/Archive)

14ymedio biggerEFE/14ymedio, Havana, 9 January 2025 — A Vietnamese company has become the first foreign entity to receive land in Cuba – initially 308 hectares (761 acres) – to plant rice on a farm in the south of the province of Pinar del Río, an unprecedented experience on the island since 1959, state media reported on Wednesday.

The project had already been announced last November, although it was not known that the lands had been handed over for usufruct (a form of leasing). It would be the same promise that the Government made to the Russians, as Boris Titov, president of the Cuba-Russia Business Council, said, in 2023.

According to Reuters, the Kremlin adviser said that the island had offered Russian businessmen the right to use the land for a period of 30 years. The conditions involved, he explained, “both long-term land leasing and duty-free import of agricultural machinery, the granting of the right to transfer profits in foreign currency, and much more. Of course, we are also waiting for the reduction of bureaucratic barriers.”

“This is a considerable figure, considering that for the cold season, Los Palacios proposed a plan of 3,500 hectares,” the newspaper said.

The Vietnamese company – for which no details have been provided – will be responsible for planting rice in the municipality of Los Palacios, some 100 kilometres southwest of Havana, for three years.

The plan intends to complete the planting of up to 1,000 hectares of rice in the first months of 2025 and the intention of the Asian firm is to expand to continue reading

5,000 hectares, added the official newspaper Granma.

“This is a considerable figure, considering that for the cold season, Los Palacios proposed a plan for 3,500 hectares,” the newspaper said.

In addition to bringing in its own specialists, the Vietnamese group will provide fertilizers, herbicides, pesticides and other resources necessary for production, as well as hybrid varieties from the Vietnam, which reduce the demand for seeds from 150 kilograms per hectare to 30.

Yields of seven metric tonnes (7.7 US tons) per hectare are expected in the first year, and this will increase to eight metric tonnes per hectare in the second year.

Since last October, an experimental model was launched in Cuba with the planting of a hybrid rice seed – imported from Vietnam – in more than 15,000 hectares in various regions of the island, with the aim of increasing production and improving yield, which has been declining for several years.

Cuba requires about 700,000 metric tons of rice annually for national consumption. According to official data, the island produced less than 30,000 metric tons in 2023

Cuba requires about 700,000 metric tons of rice annually for national consumption. According to official data, the island produced less than 30,000 metric tons in 2023.

Vietnam is Cuba’s main supplier of rice, which is a vital food on the Island and on average more than 60 kilograms are consumed per person per year. This is not the first time that the Vietnam has cooperated with Cuba in rice production. It did so in La Sierpe, in Sancti Spíritus, until 2022 , when it finally decided to cancel the project, tired of Cuban inefficiency.

Vietnam and China have donated shipments of rice to Cuba in recent years to support the Island, which spends $2 billion annually on importing basic food products.

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COLLABORATE WITH OUR WORKThe 14ymedio team is committed to practicing serious journalism that reflects Cuba’s reality in all its depth. Thank you for joining us on this long journey. We invite you to continue supporting us by becoming a member of 14ymedio now. Together we can continue transforming journalism in Cuba.