In Spanish Election Debate Opposition Criticizes Royals’ Visit to Cuba

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, November 5, 2019 — The televised debate held this Monday in Spain ahead of the elections of November 10 brought to light the opposition’s harsh criticisms of Pedro Sánchez’s Government for its policy toward Cuba, Venezuela, and Nicaragua. The head of the Spanish Socialist Workers’ Party (PSOE) heard reproaches for the position he has assumed toward Nicolás Maduro and for organizing King Felipe VI’s visit to Cuba for the celebration of the 500-year anniversary of Havana.

The visit has been very controversial and has generated strong criticism in Spain, among Cuban exiles, and in civil society on the Island. It is considered the first official visit of a Spanish king and queen to the old colony and will happen on November 11.

“Where is Sánchez’s Government in Venezuela? The last in line and always dragging its feet,” the president of Citizens (centrist), Albert Rivera, reprimanded. “It’s necessary to defend democracies, in Latin America as well. We cannot look the other way in face of dictators, not only dead dictators, we also have to be brave in face of living dictators, while you hide from Maduro and his like,” he added, in reference to Moncloa’s procedure last month to exhume the remains of Francisco Franco from the Valley of the Fallen. continue reading

Rivera reproached Sánchez for not looking up from the podium and challenged him to have “a quarter of the courage that he has with dead dictators*” to treat “living dictators and their dictatorships.”

The leader of the Popular Party (righ-wing), Pablo Casado, lamented that Sánchez was sending the king and queen “to the dictatorial gerontocracy of Cuba” and remaining silent in face of the situation in Nicaragua, governed by the Sandinista couple Daniel Ortega-Rosario Murillo and victim of a wave of repression that claimed hundreds of dead.

“I felt ashamed when the United States of America was considering sanctioning Spain for its collusion with a dictatorial regime that according to Bachelet, not suspected of being on the right wing, has committed 7,000 summary executions,” declared Casado.

“Mr. Sánchez is not leading the response to put an end to the financial and real estate assets of the Chavista bigwigs,” he added. According to several journalistic investigations, Spain has been one of the preferred places for the big Chavista leaders to plunder the state-owned oil company PDVSA and invest billions of dollars.

Santiago Abascal, candidate for Vox (right-wing), also declared himself against the trip. “The Government has sent the king to Cuba and will force him to take a photo with the Castrists, Maduro, and Daniel Ortega,” he lamented. “I would appreciate it if the Government of our homeland and especially our Majesty, the king, could avoid that photo,” he said.

Vox also solicited from the Permanent Delegation the suspension of the Spanish king and queen’s trip to Cuba. “We urge the Government led by Pedro Sánchez not to use the Crown as a tool in favor of of its shady and partisan policies,” the leader of that party proclaimed.

Pedro Sánchez, who visited Cuba in November of last year and appeared alongside the designated leader Miguel Díaz-Canel, defended himself from the criticisms with the argument that Spain’s links weren’t with the Cuban Government, but rather with the people.

Spain is one of the principal investors in Cuba and has strong interests in tourism. Its companies were complicit in the Cuban Government’s apartheid policy that prohibited Cubans from accessing the same facilities as foreign tourists until 2008.

Cuba imports more than $1.2 billion in merchandise annually from Spain and exports to it products to the value of $180 million, according to official Cuban statistics.

Translated by: Sheilagh Herrera

________________________________

The 14ymedio team is committed to practicing serious journalism that reflects Cuba’s reality in all its depth. You can help crowdfund a current project to develop an in depth multimedia report on dengue fever in Cuba; the goal is modest, only $2,000. Even small donations by a lot of people will add up fast. Thank you!

Repression Grows in Cuba: Ferrer Remains "Disappeared" and Number of "Regulated" Rises to 200

Camila Acosta at the airport — making the “L for Libertad” gesture — at the moment of learning that she couldn’t travel by order of the Government.

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, November 4, 2019 — Data revealed by various sources last weekend indicate a climb in repression in Cuba, which translated into an increase in the number of “regulated” and an inexplicable silence from the authorities on the whereabouts of the opposition figure José Daniel Ferrer, detained since October 1. [“Regulated” is the term the government has chosen to apply to Cubans who are forbidden to leave the country.]

The independent journalist Camila Acosta reported on Sunday that authorities had prevented her from boarding a plane to Buenos Aires, where she was going to attend a course.

Also prohibited from traveling were Dayanis Salazar Pérez and Juan Michel López Mora, two young opposition members of the Pinero Autonomous Party. continue reading

My suitcase was checked in by the airline, but it was emigration was where they prohibited me from leaving. I had to wait then for them to return my bag, just by the exit door. That’s why I saw the check-in [ticket]. If you look carefully, it has today’s date, Nov 3. pic.twitter.com/yBoaLMxRyP

– Camila Acosta (Twitter), November 3, 2019

With Acosta, a reporter for Cubanet, the number of “regulated” has now reached 200, although some have gotten out of that situation.

“They told me that I have a prohibition on leaving. They have no explanation for that. Only that my name appeared in the system…I was seen by Yoel Núñez, chief of Immigration at the airport. He says that I have to go to the Immigration office of my municipality and ask for an explanation. But we know that they won’t respond to any of that. But I’m still going to present my complaint,” the young woman told CiberCuba, which she contributes to.

“My suitcase was checked in by the airline, but it was at emigration where they prohibited me from leaving. I had to wait then for them to return my bag, just by the exit door,” pointed out the journalist in a Twitter message with a photograph that showed it.

“The consequences that the state security agents warned me about begin,” she first alerted, with the hashtag #Ni1ReguladoMás (#Not1MoreRegulated) with which those affected and those in solidarity with this cause reject this repressive measure that the Government is using more and more to block the freedom of movement of opposition figures, journalists, and critical activists.

Acosta was referring to the prior instance of last Wednesday, when she was detained in the airport as she returned from a program on gender violence which she attended on a scholarship. At that time they seized from her several pamphlets in English on the internship’s theme that authorities described as “subversive propaganda.”

In the interrogation they warned her that “I was going to begin to feel the weight of the consequences of being a human rights activist and independent journalist,” Acosta told CiberCuba.

This time, according to the reporter, she was invited by the Center for the Opening and Development of Latin America (CADAL) to participate in a program called Goodbye, Lenin and to cover the second round of elections in Uruguay.

The journalist has explained that she will look into appealing via the legal route once she has a lawyer, although she doubts the effectiveness it could have. The practice of limiting in a discretionary manner the freedom of movement of opposition figures has become an habitual tactic of control for the Plaza of the Revolution and is frequently denounced by human rights bodies, but the list continues to grow.

For his part, 14ymedio’s contributer, Ricardo Fernández, this Saturday was unable to board a plane to Serbia, where he was invited to take part in several conferences on religious freedom in Cuba.

Despite the fact that at the Immigration and Foreign Matters office in the city of Camaguey they assured Fernández that he wasn’t “regulated” and could leave, after checking in at the counter of the airline Aeroflot, an immigration official told him that he couldn’t leave the country.

The Patmos Institute keeps a list of those affected by the measure, and information can be contributed to keep up the list via email or social media. The organization, linked to the Baptist church, explains to and advises those affected so that they can individually communicate their cases to the United Nations (UN).

To this data is added the new balance of arbitrary detentions in the month of October, which the Cuban Observatory of Human Rights (OCDH) places at 301. The organization, headquartered in Madrid, made public this number in a press release distributed this Monday in which it notes that throughout the year there have been 2,768 arrests of this type and that in Cuban prisons there are a total of 119 political prisoners, with firm sentences.

This is the context surrounding the visit of the king and queen of Spain, who will arrive in Cuba on November 11 to begin the official agenda on Tuesday the 12th in what the OCDH considers “the worst repressive situation on the Island since the so-called Black Spring of 2003.”

The OCDH notes that the month began with the arrest of José Daniel Ferrer García, leader of the Patriotic Union of Cuba (Unpacu), whose whereabouts remain unknown as rumors circulate that he could be in a life-threatening situation.

“The leader of the biggest opposition group in Cuba has been detained for more than a month. Neither the European Union nor the Spanish Government has reacted in the face of the gravity of this issue. We demand an urgent pronouncement, given that his bodily integrity is at risk. In general, the repressive situation is very worrying, as is the current policy of appeasement toward the Havana regime,” stressed Alejandro González Raga, executive director of OCDH.

In recent days, an alleged letter from Ferrer to his family has emerged whose authenticity is not yet verified and which was distributed by Cuban Prisoners Defenders, an organization with links to Unpacu and headquartered in Madrid.

“On thirst and hunger strike. They’ve done everything to me. A thousand tortures and violence. They have dragged me and chained my feet and hands, they have put me in the sun for 15 days in my underwear in a cell full of mosquitos and cold in the morning. Risk of pneumonia. My life is in grave danger,” reads the brief letter.

Although it is not known how this letter reached the hands of his family, the opposition figure’s sister, Anna Belkis Ferrer, who lives in the United States, affirms that an Argentinian expert, Fernando Andrés Asorey, who works with Argentina’s federal police, has validated the veracity of the letter and that it cannot be from a previous detention because of the age of the ink.

Unpacu sources have assured 14ymedio, however, that they will only accept as proof of life a visit of Ferrer’s friends and family to the opposition figure.

Translated by: Sheilagh Herrera

_______________________________

The 14ymedio team is committed to practicing serious journalism that reflects Cuba’s reality in all its depth. You can help crowdfund a current project to develop an in depth multimedia report on dengue fever in Cuba; the goal is modest, only $2,000. Even small donations by a lot of people will add up fast. Thank you!

Go To Bed, Or The Neoliberal Will Come To Eat You

Díaz-Canel congratulated Alberto Fernández and Cristina Kirchner and wrote on Twitter: “Deserved triumph that propitiates (sic) a defeat to neoliberalism.” (Capture).

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, Carlos A. Montaner, Miami, November 3, 2019 — Diario de Cuba counted 22 diction errors in the 17-minute speech of Miguel Díaz-Canel, president of Cuba, to the “Non-Aligned.” It’s true: he speaks “with tobacco in the mouth,” although he doesn’t smoke cigars, unlike certain Villa Clara natives, and he reverses the R and the L, habitual in certain areas of Andalusia and the Caribbean.

But more serious was what was highlighted by 14ymedio, another opposition publication: a monumental blunder in the sphere of homophony and paronymy. Díaz-Canel confuses the verbs “propitiate” and “deals.” The Cuban leader was congratulating Alberto Fernández and Cristina Kirchner and wrote on Twitter: “Deserved triumph that propitiates [sic] a defeat to neoliberalism.” I suppose that he meant to say “deals.”

Nor does he know that “neoliberalism” doesn’t exist. It’s an empty label used by socialists of all stripes to discredit their adversaries. Ricardo López Murphy, a brilliant Argentinian economist, threatens his grandchildren with that terrifying fabrication: “Go to bed or the neoliberal will come to eat you.” The phantasmagoric neoliberal is the modern version of the “bogeyman.” continue reading

What do exist are certain sensible economic measures that we liberals defend, although it goes without saying that liberalism is, first, a moral conviction; second, a legal question; and, finally, certain economic proposals arisen from experience. For example, controlling inflation (the most devastating phenomenon against the poor), having a low tax burden, limiting public spending and the number of officials at the revenue level, and having few regulations (the indispensable ones), given that experience shows us that that is the crevice through which corruption usually seeps.

It’s not about the State disappearing, but rather that it performs the tasks we have entrusted to it well. Fundamentally, that it protects the security of individuals and their property; that crimes and violations of the law do not go unpunished, including hooded rioters and looters; and that it impartially safeguards and stimulates the presence of open markets absolutely hospitable to entrepreneurs.

As for health and education, it’s very important to promote them as a joint effort of society, but without placing them directly under the control of the State. It’s preferable to pay for those services via vouchers so that families can choose the best hospital or school, like they have done in Sweden since the failure of statism at the beginning of the nineties, to ensure that institutions compete and don’t rest on their laurels.

That is the true distinction between liberals and socialists. We liberals think that individuals are the ones most capable of making personal decisions, while socialists are sure that it is preferable that the State make that choice.

The works of the economics Nobel laureate James M. Buchanan should have put an end to that eternal dispute. Buchanan and his disciples demonstrated with their studies (Virginia school) that officials and politicans, like everyone else, make decisions in pursuit of their own electoral and economic benefits and not in the interest of a hypothetical “common good.” [The Calculus of Consent: Logical Foundations of Constitutional Democracy, by James M. Buchanan and Gordon Tullock]

For that reason, privately capitalized accounts and pension savings (for example, the American 401k or the Chilean AFP) are infinitely preferable to public funds, always in reach of the “creative accounting” of dishonest politicians and officials interested in boosting their clientele with the money of others.

This is not to say that individuals always make the correct decisions. Argentinians have been systematically making mistakes for seventy years. We Cubans deliriously applauded Fidel Castro’s arrival to power. Venezuelans did it by majority with Hugo Chávez and, later, with Nicolás Maduro. The dictators Daniel Ortega of Nicaragua and Evo Morales have the support of at least 20% of the national register. To err is human, but much more human is to persist in error.

Translated by: Sheilagh Herrera

_________________

The 14ymedio team is committed to practicing serious journalism that reflects Cuba’s reality in all its depth. You can help crowdfund a current project to develop an in depth multimedia report on dengue fever in Cuba; the goal is modest, only $2,000. Even small donations by a lot of people will add up fast. Thank you!

Detention and "Forced Disappearance" of Activist Nancy Alfaya Reported

The activist was arrested as she was leaving a cafe on Calle J between 25 and 27, in Vedado. (Facebook)

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, Havana, October 23, 2019 — 24 hours after her arrest, the activist Nancy Alfaya remains in an unknown location, as reported to 14ymedio by the independent journalist Jorge Olivera, who was with her at the time of her arrest.

“We left at 12:30 from our turn on the internet at the United States embassy. We were walking with Iván Hernández Carrillo, we went toward Coppelia, and then we entered a cafe on Calle J between 25 and 27,” says Olivera.

He explains that it was then that a patrol car arrived, and a police officer asked Nancy Alfaya for identification. “She was the objective, they also picked me up but they let me go at Infanta and Carlos III and I was able to hear an official from the political police who was on a motorcycle say to one of the police officers that Nancy was going to the 11th Unit of the PNR of San Miguel del Padron.” continue reading

However, a few hours later, when he called that unit on the phone they told him that she “never arrived.” Olivera later went to the Zanja and Dragones Unit to report the “disappearance” of Alfaya. They looked in the register of arrested but she wasn’t on the list. “It’s a forced disappearance,” he claimed.

The Citizens Committee for Racial Integration (CIR) reported harassment by State Security agents against civil society activists who work for female empowerment. Nancy Alfaya is a coordinator of the CIR’s Network of Women for Equality.

The CIR considered the arrest “state terrorism” and blamed the Confrontation Department of State Security, an organ of the Ministry of the Interior.

Juan Antonio Madrazo Luna, CIR spokesman, warned that “the political violence against the activist has increased in intensity in recent weeks” and condemned “these arbitrary practices,” while demanding “the immediate release of Nancy Alfaya.”

“Nancy Alfaya Hernández’s crime is working for female empowerment, mobilizing speeches on prevention against all forms of violence, demanding from the state public policies that protect women from the political violence in which state agents are the main offenders,” wrote Madrazo Luna on social media.

Translated by: Sheilagh Herrera

___________________

The 14ymedio team is committed to practicing serious journalism that reflects Cuba’s reality in all its depth. Thank you for joining us on this long journey. We invite you to continue supporting us by now becoming a member of 14ymedio. Together we can continue transforming journalism in Cuba.

Wife and Children of Jose Daniel Ferrer Arrested For Demanding His Release

At noon this Friday, four hours after the arrest, there is still no news on the whereabouts of José Daniel Ferrer’s family. (Capture)

14ymedio biggerAn update from an article that appeared in 14ymedio later but was translated earlier, is here.

14ymedio, Havana, October 25, 2019 — The three children and the wife of the opposition figure José Daniel Ferrer García were arrested in the centrally located Cespedes Park, in Santiago de Cuba, while they were protesting to demand his release more than three weeks after his arrest.

“They just arrested Nelva Ortega and three of José Daniel’s children, at a protest they were carrying out at Cespedes Park to demand the release of José Daniel,” the activist Katherine Mojena reported to 14ymedio minutes after the arrest.

At noon this Friday, four hours after the arrest, there is still no news on the whereabouts of José Daniel Ferrer’s family, as Carlos Amel Oliva, youth leader of the Patriotic Union of Cuba (Unpacu), reported to this newspaper. continue reading

At the protest were the children of the Unpacu leader, José Daniel Ferrer Cantillo, 17, Fátima Victoria Ferrer Cantillo, 14, and his wife Nelva Ortega Tamayo, who was carrying Daniel José, four months old.

Ortega and the two teenagers displayed signs demanding “Freedom for José Daniel Ferrer” and “No + Political Prisoners.” A little after beginning the protest, several officials from the National Revolutionary Police and agents from State Security arrived on the scene, took away their signs, and detained them.

Ferrer was arrested on October 1 along with four other activists, among them Fernando González, Roilán Zárraga, and José Pupo. For the first 72 hours, the opposition leader was held without being able to communicate and in an unknown location, according to his relatives and close friends.

Shortly after, his wife was able to visit him at the Provincial Unit of Criminal Investigation in Santiago de Cuba and found him “greatly weakened due to the dreadful conditions of Cuban prisons.”

Ferrer is prepared, his wife maintains, to accept any sanction imposed on him, including years in prison “as long as the truth is told.” Those close to the Unpacu leader have claimed that authorities are fabricating a case against him to keep him in prison.

The Unpacu leader, ex-prisoner from the Black Spring in 2003, was released from prison in 2011 and founded the organization that he directs, one of the primary targets of the Cuban government.

Translated by: Sheilagh Herrera

_________________

The 14ymedio team is committed to practicing serious journalism that reflects Cuba’s reality in all its depth. Thank you for joining us on this long journey. We invite you to continue supporting us by now becoming a member of 14ymedio. Together we can continue transforming journalism in Cuba.

Unpacu Leader Marks Three Weeks Detained In Unknown Location

Amnesty International launched an urgent action, criticized the irregularities of the case, and affirmed that Ferrer García should be informed of the charges against him.

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, Havana, October 21, 2019 — “I still don’t know the whereabouts of José Daniel Ferrer,” reported Nelva Ortega Tamayo, wife of the leader of the Patriotic Union of Cuba (Unpacu), arrested on October 1 in Santiago de Cuba.

In an interview with 14ymedio this Sunday, Ortega Tamayo explained that the habeas corpus she presented last Thursday to obtain information on the situation of the opposition figure has been rejected by authorities.

She also detailed that the lawyer who is advising her, Julio Ferrer, wrote a report explaining that the police violated article 241 of the Law of Penal Procedure by raiding their home and detaining the Unpacu leader without presenting an arrest warrant nor a search warrant. continue reading

The court suggests that José Daniel Ferrer was arrested after an inquiry at a preparatory stage was opened on him, a process that began on October 3, and it was then that the arrest warrant was issued.

The document also explains that José Daniel Ferrer has a preventative measure of remand in custody, issued on October 7, but the crime he is accused of is not specified, nor is the prison where he is held.

“I have only been able to see him once since the arrest, on the 4th in the Operations criminal investigation; here they say of that place ’everyone sings,’ but he is no longer there. I saw him greatly weakened, he has lost weight, he told me that he’s hardly drinking any water because it’s murky, blackish. The conditions are inhuman.

He told me that he is living there with two rats who walk over his feet. The mattress they give him is full of sweat, it stinks, because that place is really hot. The toilet is in full view of everyone, there’s no privacy. They don’t give him his medication and the food is dreadful,” says Ortega.

Civil society organizations in Cuba, as well as Amnesty International, Freedom House, Cuban Prisoners Defense, the United States government, and the secretary general of the OAS, Luis Almagro, have denounced the irregularities of the legal process in the case of the Unpacu leader and have demanded the release of the opposition figure.

Amnesty International launched an urgent action, criticized the irregularities of the case, and affirmed that Ferrer García should be informed of the charges against him, or, if not, be released.

Nelva Ortega is worried that they will try to prosecute her husband for a common crime. “In the interrogations they told him that they are tired of his activism, that he was nobody to get information on the lives of leaders on social media. That he had approved Trump’s measures, that they would not allow him to crush the achievements of the Revolution,” is what her husband told her in the brief visit she was able to have more than 15 days ago.

She also explained that they warned him that this time they weren’t going to prosecute him as a political prisoner, but rather for a common crime of harm so that “the international pressure that he has had and that there was at the time of the Black Spring would disappear.”

“For a mother this is very difficult, when they arrested my husband my son was only three months old, now he’s four months, he is a wonderful father and husband. Here at Unpacu we continue helping those who need it as always, although we don’t even have a place to sit down,” she added.

She also related that a few days ago she visited the Aguadores prison looking for answers on her husband’s whereabouts but they told her there that he wasn’t on the lists because it was a “personal case” of State Security.

Ortega confessed that she fears for José Daniel Ferrer’s life and his health, which is why she is demanding “proof that he as well and that the other three Unpacu activists” are well.

Ernesto Oliva Torres also presented the same appeal of habeas corpus in favor of José Pupo, Fernando González, and Roilán Zárraga, who are in the same situation as Ferrer, and he expects a response this Monday.

Translated by: Sheilagh Herrera

___________________

The 14ymedio team is committed to practicing serious journalism that reflects Cuba’s reality in all its depth. Thank you for joining us on this long journey. We invite you to continue supporting us by now becoming a member of 14ymedio. Together we can continue transforming journalism in Cuba.

Diaz-Canel Didn’t Like My Question on Ideological Discrimination

Miguel Díaz-Canel made a stop in Ireland on a tour that will take him to Russia, Belarus, and Azerbaijan where he will attend the XVIII Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement. (Presidencia de Cuba)

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, Annarella O’Mahony, Dublin, October 23, 2019 — Annarella O’Mahony, a Cuban living in Ireland and editor of the page We are not deserters, we are free Cubans, participated in the meeting Miguel Díaz-Canel had with Cubans living in the European country. Upon her return she wrote this testimony that 14ymedio reproduces with her authorization.

For a moment I felt like I was in Cuba. There, in the lobby bar of the Clayton Hotel, laughter, exclamations, and hugs among a dozen Cubans burst into the autumnal serenity of Dublin. I had never been in that part of the city, Ballsbridge, and I had never been among so many Cubans in Ireland. I was surprised to discover that the majority have lived here for years. The night was promising surrealism from all sides.

In addition to the ambassador, the consul, and the secretary of the Cuban embassy in Ireland, I had already met two more Cubans during the meeting with the Vice Minister of Foreign Relations of Cuba, Ana Teresita González Fraga, in September of last year, of which I wrote an account at that time. continue reading

We were soon led to a meeting room of approximately 6×8 meters with three or four high tables without chairs. It was difficult for me to imagine the 400 Cubans that, according to my embassy, are in Ireland, inside that small area, for which reason I was inclined to believe more the version told by some that only around 15 invitations had been sent, although it seemed to me that there were at least 20 people there.

A few minutes after 8:00 in the evening President Miguel Díaz-Canel Bermúdez arrived, accompanied by a retinue that included the Minister of Foreign Relations of Cuba, Bruno Rodríguez Parrilla. Both were coming from a meeting with the Irish Prime Minister Leo Varadkar.

Canel greeted all present and began by mentioning various subjects of interest for the community of Cubans abroad. He said he was “on top of” a number of worries about the price of the passport and added that they were analyzing and assessing and looking for answers to all those issues.

He also promised more frequent exchanges from the authorities on emigration. It wasn’t clear to me if that is a pending claim of some Diaspora Cubans or if it is an initiative of the Cuban government. However, he didn’t give timeframes to respond to the worries that he mentioned, nor did he share any concrete action plans on the matter, but he clarified that “all the answers always depend greatly on how, when it comes to international relations, the United States government behaves with Cuba.”

He spoke of the worsening of the blockade and the moment of economic crisis that the island is experiencing. He said that he wasn’t going to repeat the term “temporary” because people everywhere had mocked him for it and, for some reason that I still don’t understand, laughter was heard.

Díaz-Canel also spoke of conversations held by him and his delegation with the Irish government regarding commercial relations and academic exchanges that he did not specify, beyond mentioning biopharmaceutical products as a possibility. By not clarifying, he didn’t even respond to my concrete question on when we will have a single currency. He dodged the question by answering approximately that he couldn’t tell me anything so that “the enemies” wouldn’t find out.

Someone suggested that it would be a good idea to develop medical cooperation agreements in Ireland, to which he answered that this country has not asked Cuba for doctors. Likewise, he spoke of the computerization of society and Cuban tweetplomacy and how it has facilitated exchange between the population and the authorities.

The president also noted the participation of Cubans living abroad (in a general sense) in the project of constitutional reform and assured us that more than 40% of their contributions were taken into account. It’s worth clarifying that he omitted data on which ones they were or how one can access the expanded information and other criteria of calculations of that statistic.

In this sense, the president of the Association of Cubans in Dublin took the opportunity to thank Díaz-Canel “that we have been permitted to vote.” I believe that everyone in that room was able to hear me when, in a stupefied state, I asked her, with invisible but audible exclamation points and question marks:

-And did you vote?

-Yes, I did, she responded.

-But, how? You aren’t a Cuban resident? I insisted.

-Yes, she nodded.

-I couldn’t vote, I told her.

Really, I was going to add that we Cubans living abroad do not have that right, although obviously she knows that, otherwise she wouldn’t be thanking Canel for what seemed to me, to the naked eye, a matter of favoritism (illegal, by the way). Only a nudge from the person on my left made me realize that I was disturbing the president’s discourse with my questioning. I was less than two meters from him, since by that time I found myself in the first row of the audience.

For around an hour, which was how long the meeting lasted, the speeches of the approximately 20 Cubans in Ireland present there centered around supporting the Revolution. At least, that is what I can vouch for, because I have never met socially with any of them.

There was one who brought up that he has a large family and that the procedures for Cuban passports are very costly for them. I managed to tell him that that was due to “effective citizenship” but I wasn’t able to add anything else, since he was addressing Díaz-Canel and I didn’t want to interrupt. There was indeed interaction and that is always healthy.

The president asked us to follow the platforms and profiles that support the Revolution because it’s very important for a Cuban abroad to defend the political and social project of the island. It was at that moment that I decided to intervene because everyone who knows me knows how I think.

It really wasn’t my intention to go there to “make confessions of faith,” but rather to participate as a Cuban in a possible debate where, at the very least I thought that real perspectives on the passport and its absurd extensions would be discussed, but it wasn’t like that.

I only said, briefly, that more important than unity was achieving tolerance among Cubans, that ideology could not be the center of everything and that, although the salary increase looked good, I didn’t approve the prohibition imposed by the government on many citizens not allowing them to return to the island.

Applause, although valid, has never resolved situations. Among the problems I see that we have in our country, one of the worst is discrimination based on ideological reasons, and I felt that it would have been irresponsible not to take advantage of the opportunity of that meeting.

I had the impression that the president didn’t like it and I confess that at the end, when the chancellor asked my name and surnames, the first thing I thought was that I would be put on a blacklist; the same one that now prevents my cousin from seeing his only daughter and thousands of Cubans from attending a loved one’s funeral, a mother’s birthday, or a nephew’s graduation.

I know that I could have said many things, even though it wasn’t possible for me to finish my argument. Others wanted to speak and they spoke. I didn’t have the opportunity to refute the president that in Cuba there wasn’t persecution for ideological reasons, nor that we Cubans do not exclude ourselves, as he said, instead of being victims of the state’s exclusion, which is what really happens. I don’t believe it would have been worth it. They are the ones who dictate and impose measures. I don’t have to repeat to them what they know better than I do but are unable to acknowledge.

Perhaps many will criticize me because I had a dialogue with the dictatorship or because I criticized the Revolution, and they have every right, but my conscience is clear which is, at the end of the day, what gives inner peace. I don’t believe that a true, human, honest, and just Cuban should impose family separation, exile, and discrimination, for any reason, on another who has never committed a crime according to international laws and the Cuban constitution.

For my part, and despite the fear, I try to exercise my rights respecting those of others to begin to train my own tolerance.

Translated by: Sheilagh Herrera

___________________

The 14ymedio team is committed to practicing serious journalism that reflects Cuba’s reality in all its depth. Thank you for joining us on this long journey. We invite you to continue supporting us by now becoming a member of 14ymedio. Together we can continue transforming journalism in Cuba.

More Than Half of Cuban Households Live Below the Poverty Line, Human Rights Group Reports

8.1% of Cubans do not have drinking water service.

Europa Press (via 14ymedio), Madrid | October 22, 2019 — More than half of households in Cuba live below the poverty line, according to a report by the Cuban Observatory of Human Rights (OCDH) that shows the incapacity of a wide majority of households to live in a dignified manner and with access to basic services like water and electricity.

The study concludes that 55.4% of households make less than $100 per month in a country where the minimum wage is barely $16. One out of every four families earns between $50 and $100, while a little more than 12% don’t make even 20 euros, according to the Observatory of Social Rights, which does not take into account funds from remittances.

Only 11% believe that the money they have is enough to live in dignity, as 45.6% believe that they can get ahead with limitations, and 43.2% label the funds they earn as “insufficient.” Despite that, three out of every four households receive no type of assistance, while 13% have help from the State and 7% from some NGO. continue reading

The Obervatory has questioned the regime’s official statistics regarding the employment level, given that only 21.5% of those interviewed said they work full-time and 23.2% have a part-time job.

Of those surveyed, 22% admitted that they have inadequate food and 38.4% consider it repetitive — the diet is based on rice, bread, and beans, while beef and fish are scarce. A third of the population eats two times or fewer per day, says the report, composed from 1,082 cases in 11 of the Island’s 16 provinces.

When it comes to medical attention, more than four out of ten people who recently needed some medication were unable to get it. In this sense, only 18.6% of Cubans find the medicines they need in the Cuban health system.

The report also examines the state of basic provisions and determines that almost 70% of Cubans do not have a permanent water supply: 32% have water between four and five days a week and 28% have it fewer than three days, and 8.1% do not have any drinking water service.

The Observatory has denounced the general living situation in Cuba, where approximately half of the houses need repair work, with 7.6% of the buildings at risk of collapse. Only one out of four houses remains in good condition.

The deficiencies also extend to the electricity supply, unavailable in an uninterrupted form for 80% of the population. Six out of ten citizens affirm that they have suffered up to ten power cuts in recent months, while 18.8% have suffered more than ten.

The executive director of OCDH, Alejandro González Raga, emphasized during the presentation of the study that “it is evidence of the reality that Cuba is experiencing… Not the reality that the Government says, but what Cubans say,” he stressed.

The report, the first of this type published by the Observatory, was compiled from personal interviews carried out between August 15 and September 8 of 2019 and has a margin of error of 3% and a confidence level of 95%.

Translated by: Sheilagh Herrera

Awarding "Our Journalists" is an "Interference" by the US, Claims Diaz-Canel

Dayamis Sotolongo Rojas, from the newspaper ’Escambray,’ rejected the nomination for the IPYS prize. (Vicente Brito/Escambray)

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, Havana, October 14, 2019 — When Cubacron, a competition to award the Island’s best reporters held by the Press and Society Institute (IPYS), was announced this summer, nobody could have suspected that it would unleash a storm in the autumn over the inclusion of several pieces published by the Cuban official press in the list of finalists.

On October 1, IPYS made public the list of those who were eligible for the prize, which will be awarded during the next Latin American Conference of Journalism and Investigation (Colpin) in Mexico, from November 7-10. Among them were two pieces from the official press, For God’s sake, when will nitrazepam come? by Dayamis Sotolongo for Escambray, which is published in Sancti Spiritus, and Afterwards don’t blame the river, by Haydee León, for Juventud Rebelde. The other selections belong to independent media outlets such as Periodismo de Barrio, El Toque, and El Estornudo.

Far from understanding it as a pluralistic prize, the inclusion of the two state-controlled media outlets on the list has profoundly disturbed the government. Not only have the journalists rejected the nomination, but the Journalists’ Union of Cuba (UPEC), safeguarded by Díaz-Canel himself, has unleashed war against IPYS, which it has accused of a “new campaign against the Cuban public system” which “is printed with a counterrevolutionary political seal.” continue reading

UPEC made public on Saturday a statement in which it describes IPYS as being “linked to anti-Government political campaigns and progressive organizations in Latin America, particularly obsessed with lines of attack on the ’Bolivarian’ Revolution,” that is on the Maduro regime in Venezuela.

The labor organization identifies as donors of the institute the Organization of American States (OAS), the National Endowment for Democracy (NED) in the United States, and George Soros’s Open Society Foundations (OSF), and dedicates a paragraph to pointing out the “dark” activities that, in its opinion, they all carry out, from the support of Juan Guaidó in Venezuela to the promotion of the Arab Spring.

For those reasons, it rejects what it considers to be a use of Cuban pro-government journalists by selecting them for a prize from an organization that it considers to have “hands stained with blood” and which “uses the rhetoric of freedom of expression with ideological ends and as a political battering ram.”

Additionally, UPEC believes that the rest of the media outlets chosen by IPYS have “an openly anti-socialist editorial line aligned with Washington politicians against the Cuban Government.”

“The Journalists’ Union of Cuba energetically denounces this manipulation and reaffirms that the most important thing for our organization is to persist with our project of transforming the public media system, for more socialism and more Revolution,” it adds.

The declaration was immediately backed by President Miguel Díaz-Canel, who didn’t miss the opportunity in his brief tweet of support to mark the line between “our” journalists and those who are not.

“Not NED, nor Soros, nor OAS: Declaration of the Journalists’ Union of Cuba. A dignified statement, an expression of the conviction and patriotism of our journalists against manipulation and interference. #WeAreCuba #WeAreContinuity,” the leader wrote.

This Sunday, one day after the Cuban government’s statement, IPYS entered into the controversy, explaining that the nominations for the prize were made by a selection committee choosing among reporters who presented their candidacy and those who had not.

“The panel of judges, made up of eminent chroniclers, appreciates the journalistic quality of the stories,” says the institute, which denies that any of its donors influences its mission, as UPEC charges. The journalists who made up the team tasked with deciding were Cristián Alarcón, Marcela Turati, and Julio Villanueva.

“The internet, fortunately, allows Cuban journalists to have their own idea of the role of IPYS as a promoter of independent journalism and quality. It also allows them to clarify if the aforementioned pronouncements are products of the facts or of hallucinations,” ends the statement.

The journalist Dayamis Sotolongo Rojas, a finalist for her reporting published in Escambray, has expressed her disgust over the situation as she believes that, given that she never put herself forward, she shouldn’t have been included. “I’m not selling my soul to the devil; they can go to…” said the reporter in the government media outlet at which she works.

Translated by: Sheilagh Herrera

_________________

The 14ymedio team is committed to practicing serious journalism that reflects Cuba’s reality in all its depth. Thank you for joining us on this long journey. We invite you to continue supporting us by now becoming a member of 14ymedio. Together we can continue transforming journalism in Cuba.

Diaz-Canel Plays Tourist in Ireland, First Stop on his Trip Before Russia

Díaz-Canel plants an oak tree, symbol of friendship in Ireland, in the gardens of the residency of the head of state. (Presidencia Cuba) 

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, Havana, October 21, 2019 — The European tour of President Miguel Díaz-Canel has a stop in the western part of the continent, a rarity on the trip that the leader will take to Russia, Belarus, and Azerbaijan before attending the XVIII Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), which will take place in Baku on October 25-26. Díaz-Canel and his wife landed this Sunday in Dublin for a three-day visit to Ireland, a country with which Cuba established diplomatic relations twenty years ago yesterday.

This is the first official visit of a Cuban president to Ireland, which thus returns the one made two years ago by the head of state, Michael D. Higgins, to the Island. This morning he received Díaz-Canel in Áras an Uachtaráin (the official residence of the Irish president) with the Cuban national anthem sounding in a welcome ceremony during which the Cuban planted an oak tree in the palace gardens, an act considered a symbol of friendship on the European island.

“We return to green and patriotic Ireland, that of Che’s ancestors, that which accompanied Félix Varela, that which Martí discovered, that which earned Fidel’s admiration,” said Díaz-Canel at the event. continue reading

In 2016, after the death of Fidel Castro, Higgins was the lead in a controversy over describing the ex-leader as “a giant among global leaders whose view was not only one of freedom for his people but for all of the oppressed and excluded peoples on the planet.”

Leo Eric Varadkar, who as prime minister exercises the real power in Ireland, will today receive Díaz-Canel in a courtesy visit. Also this Monday, the leader will visit the old prison of Kilmainham and will meet with Cubans living in Ireland and Irish people close to the Cuban government.

On Sunday, Díaz-Canel and his wife were received by Emma Madigan when they arrived in Dublin. The presidential entourage was completed by the ministers of Foreign Relations and Foreign Commerce and Investment, Bruno Rodríguez Parrilla and Rodrigo Malmierca. The Cuban leader traveled around St. Stephen’s Green led by Brian Glynn, director of the Americas at the Irish Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

“Ireland and Cuba are two islands united by friendship,” affirmed the diplomat, who emphasized his country’s support of Cuba against the blockade of the US and for the “update” process of Cuba’s economic model. The two countries signed an agreement on political dialogue in 2015 and have several commercial agreements.

Díaz-Canel also took advantage of the tourist trip on Sunday to go to Trinity College, whose library opened its doors to show the Cuban leader the Book of Kells (one of the most important medieval manuscripts in the world) and the more than six million other tomes that it houses, explained by Patrick Prendergast, the institution’s rector.

The Cuban president highlighted, in writing, in the visitors’ book: “The sentiment of independence and the patriotic Irish feeling, which so much unites us as peoples and as islands that we share the same sea of fights, hopes, and future.”

The Catholic Church also received Díaz-Canel, who went to the cathedral of St. Patrick, patron saint of the nation, where the reverend William Morton took him on a guided tour of the building and its relics.

The Cuban president leaves the Dublin pub where he was drinking beer this Sunday. (herald.ie)

The day ended for Díaz-Canel in O’Neill’s pub, on Suffolk Street, where he was able to have a pint of Guinness, the country’s most famous beer.

Neither Fidel nor Raúl Castro ever visited Ireland, although the former did make a stop in the Dublin airport in 1982 and left a gift (a box of Havanas) for then-Prime Minister Charles J. Haughey, who wrote him a thank you letter.

Two years ago, the Irish Post Office released a stamp with the image of Ernesto “Che” Guevara to commemorate the 50th anniversary of his death and recall his Irish roots. The idea generated a forceful controversy between defenders and critics of the decision and the Ministry of Communications had to clarify that the measure was taken in 2015 after following the normal procedures.

“The subject matter of the drawings of the stamps is presented to the Government in advance,” added an official spokesperson to overcome the criticisms.

Weeks earlier, the national airline Aer Lingus found itself obligated to remove ads containing images of several personalities, among them Che, from Miami International Airport.

Translated by: Sheilagh Herrera

_________________

The 14ymedio team is committed to practicing serious journalism that reflects Cuba’s reality in all its depth. Thank you for joining us on this long journey. We invite you to continue supporting us by now becoming a member of 14ymedio. Together we can continue transforming journalism in Cuba.

For the "Mules," Life Goes On, and So Does Business

The new measures announced on Tuesday seek to check the flight of capital. (EF)

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, Marcelo Hernández, Havana, October 17, 2019 — Joaquín and Modesto are friends and relatives who saw from the beginning that trips to Panama to bring back to Cuba household appliances and electric motorcycles would be a successful business. Since the middle of 2018 they have worked fulfilling on-demand orders, putting an added value on the task.

“Since yesterday everyone has been looking at me with pity, like I had suffered a death in the family or an amputation. Life goes on and so does business,” says Joaquín, who has spent three of his 37 years traveling to Panama to bring back to the Island flat-screen TVs, automatic washing machines, and air conditioners, which now will become the monopoly of the Government.

The new measures announced on Tuesday seek to check the capital flight of those who, like these friends, were going to several countries in the region to buy merchandise to then resell them on the domestic black market. continue reading

Starting at the end of October there will be, thus, a parallel market in which only actually convertible currency can be used to pay, and which only those who have access to remittances or foreign currency will be able to benefit from.

Joaquín knows from experience that Cubans greatly distrust the State and that since there has been Internet access, “people know brands and prices and they aren’t going to let themselves get conned with ’made-in-I-don’t-know-where’ products.”

In the specific case of television sets, the State, he believes, has the moral obligation to bring those that comply with the frequency parameters “that are only used in Cuba and in two or three Asian countries,” and he wonders who wants to buy a flat-screen 48-inch TV to watch domestic programming. “Those who are going to buy good devices are already on Netflix or at least addicted to the weekly packet.”

Joaquín is hopeful that the State buyers will not have the necessary flexibility to attend to specific demands. “If they insist on bringing refrigerators of eleven cubic feet, which are only good for domestic use, we will offer others of twenty cubic feet, which are the ones needed for a bar or a private restaurant.”

But it still remains to be seen how these measures will be realized. “I have a restaurant and I need a professional coffeemaker and also a mixer that until now I have not been able to bring back from a trip, because they say that they are professional machines and they don’t count as personal imports,” explains Pablo Armando, an entrepreneur with an Italian food place in Havana.

“Will the state-owned import businesses authorized for us to order products from include these types of machine and devices in the catalogue of what they can bring?” asks the self-employed man. “And if one day I have to import flour or parmesan cheese that way, will they allow me?” For now, Pablo Armando continues working with an old coffeemaker that he bought secondhand on the informal market from a French diplomat who finished his mission on the island.

“The majority of us businesses have been able to open because we buy from the mules and I don’t know if the State can really compete with them when it comes to variety of supply, because the Government has a lot of barriers and limitations on what cannot be sold or owned,” he warns. “For example, will they allow a farmer to import a tractor, a stockbreeder to bring semen for insemination, or a shoemaker to import leather? No one knows.”

Modesto, Joaquín’s brother-in-law, is also a mule and has, at 47, another perspective. “What worries me is that the dollar is becoming very expensive and almost all the merchandise that we bring, we sell in CUC.” They then have to change the sales profits into dollars to continue buying in Panama. “If the dollar continues to exchange at 1.50, as they are speculating, our business is finished.”

Although he is not an economist, Modesto believes that if the Government plans to invest the money obtained in these sales in promoting national industry, only two things can happen. “Either they’ll end up without funds to continue buying, or they will have to wait many years to accumulate what is required to finance industry, which is on the floor. It strikes me that these measures have not been announced as an experiment,” he says after a pause.

Economists also have doubts about the effect of these measures. For Mauricio de Miranda Parrondo, a Cuban academic located in Colombia, the State has decided to reinforce its monopolistic capacity and compete with the self-employed with tariffs and other advantages that they do not have. Additionally he has shown that the CUC or convertible peso is not such, given that they will now allow the circulation of currency.

“Despite the insistence that they are measures meant to benefit the population, it’s worth asking how the population can access a market which only accepts dollars if their salaries are paid in Cuban pesos and total salaries would hardly be enough to approach said markets,” he wonders.

The economist believes that “the Cuban Government prefers to continue betting on unilateral transfers of resources from abroad and not on the creation of national wealth via the productive work of society.”

Meanwhile, official voices came out in support of the measures. “The resale of ACs and motorbikes is over, the businesses of salesmen in dollars fail, and Cuba attracts currency for the development of the economy,” said the national television journalist Lázaro Manuel Alonso on his Facebook account.

Luis Silva, the actor and comedian who plays the popular character Pánfilo, believes that the flourishing of the mules is fundamentally due to the elevated prices that some products have had on the retail market. “Cubans have sold ACs for 700 CUC when our State sells them for 1,000, 1,200, and 1,500. Resale?” asked the actor.

Among the commentators on the official statement, many doubt the effects of the measure. “If they have not been able to maintain a stable supply of those products until now, what guarantee is there that after a week the ACs and TVs won’t be gone?” asks Juan Marrero, one of the readers.

From now until October 20, when the new measure goes into effect, there is little time left to improvise. Joaquín and Modesto already have their tickets to go to the Colón Free Zone in Panama with a list of orders from their clients. Between the optimism of one and the restraint of the other, there is enough space for imagination and uncertainty.

Translated by: Sheilagh Herrera

____________________________

The 14ymedio team is committed to serious journalism that reflects the reality of deep Cuba. Thank you for joining us on this long road. We invite you to continue supporting us, but this time by becoming a member of 14ymedio. Together we can continue to transform journalism in Cuba.

Number of Cubans Seeking Asylum at US Southern Border Triples

A group of Cubans camps out by the International Bridge of Matamoros that connects Mexico with the United States, waiting their turn to request asylum. (José Iglesias)

14ymedio bigger14ymedio/Mario J. Penton, Havana/Miami, October 12, 2019 — Through August of this year at least 20,700 Cubans arrived at the US border with Mexico, according to data published by Customs and Border Patrol (CBP), triple the number for the same period in the previous year (7,079).

The avalanche of migrants coincides with the worsening of repression and the economic crisis on the Island, but also with more restrictive policies from Washington toward irregular immigration.

“The economic situation of Cuba, which is on the threshold of a new Special Period, along with the suspension of US programs like Cuban Family Reunification and the Parole Program for doctors has enormously complicated the migration outlook,” says immigration lawyer Alejandro Vázquez via telephone from Miami. continue reading

According to figures published on CBP’s website, despite this increase, the number of Cuban migrants arriving at the border is lower than the high points reached before the end of the wet foot/dry foot policy, repealed by former president Barack Obama in January of 2017, which granted refuge to all nationals of the Island who arrived in the US.

In 2016, just before Obama put at end to that presidential decree, 41,523 Cubans arrived at the United States border. Thousands more arrived through airports and the sea. But the situation today is very different to that of those years, given that the US has suspended consular procedures in Havana as a result of the “acoustic attacks.” Now Cubans must appear at the American consulate in Guyana and the process is much slower.

The United States also eliminated the multiple entry visa for Cubans known as the “five-year visa.” In a statement the US Embassy in Havana said that this decision had been made in reciprocity with the visa that Americans receive to enter Cuba.

Along with the migratory problems must be added that, upon arriving at the southern border, Cubans must follow the Treaties for Migrant Protection signed by Mexico and the United States which oblige them to remain for months in Mexican territory while their asylum requests are processed.

“After the wet foot/dry foot law was repealed, Cubans came to be treated like other Latin American immigrants. First they must demonstrate a credible fear of persecution and then request asylum and be granted it, which is an extremely difficult process,” added Vázquez.

A report from the Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse (TRAC) at Syracuse University, in New York, affirms that since January 11,804 immigrants have been sent back to Mexico to wait for their audiences.

To a question from El Nuevo Herald, of Miami, about the number of Cubans waiting for asylum in the north of Mexico, the National Migration Institute of that country answered that they did not have statistics by nationality.

President Donald Trump has been very critical of asylum requests at the southern border. “No more fake asylum,” tweeted Trump in Spanish in the middle of September. “No more catch and release. No more illegal entry in the United States,” he added.

With Trump the number of Cubans repatriated to the Island after being denied asylum has increased. According to the latest statistics reported by the AP agency, more than 800 Cubans have been returned to their country, even when they had expressed fear of being repressed by the Island’s authorities.

Last Wednesday the newspaper Washington Blade reported that Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) had appealed the decision of a federal judge who granted political asylum to the independent journalist Yariel Valdés González, who had spent several months in a detention center. The contributer to Tremenda Nota won his asylum case after appearing before a judge in the middle of September at the Bossier Parish Medium Security Facility in Plain Dealing, Louisiana.

“It’s really sad that after such a long journey, after losing everything, you end up in the same country from which you fled, just when you’ve requested asylum in what we think is the country of freedom,” says Remigio, a Cuban who was just repatriated to the Island after spending six months in an immigration prison in California.

“The officials treat you like a dog. They don’t let you explain hardly anything and they demand a lot of proof. I really wasn’t expecting it to be like that,” he said via WhatsApp from Fomenta, a small city in the province of Sancti Spiritus.

Translated by: Sheilagh Herrera

___________________

The 14ymedio team is committed to serious journalism that reflects the reality of deep Cuba. Thank you for joining us on this long road. We invite you to continue supporting us, but this time by becoming a member of 14ymedio. Together we can continue to transform journalism in Cuba.

The Radicalization of Fidel Castro

Fidel Castro in the Sierra Maestra. (Archivo)

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, Carlos A. Montaner, Miami, October 12, 2019 — The Madrid newspaper El País recounted it. Mario Vargas Llosa expressed the opinion, publicly, that perhaps Fidel Castro would not have become radicalized if the CIA, in conspiracy with United Fruit, had not ousted Colonel Jacobo Árbenz in a coup d’etat in 1954.

Fidel Castro, Vargas Llosa reminds us, at that time subscribed to a social democratic program. This happened at the press conference at which our Nobel laureate in literature was presenting his latest novel, Fierce Times, which tells the story of that coup d’etat, in his judgment the starting point of the rebellion of many young people and intellectuals against the United States.

I suppose that, in general, Vargas Llosa’s assessment is true, but I’m not sure that Latin American anti-Yankeeism originates in this episode. The Kremlin was employing enormous resources in stimulating that conduct via the “Congresses for Peace,” in addition to the atmosphere of the Cold War. Árbenz was ousted as a consequence of this episode. continue reading

I do not go into the novel’s theme because I have not yet read it. I imagine it will be splendid, like the other 18 published by the author of Conversation in the Cathedral, some more and some less, but all good. The fact that he is 83 years old does not take away merits from the book. It’s the other way around. With time prose improves (except in the case of Carlos Fuentes, who became increasingly illegible year after year).

What we disagree on is the moment at which Fidel Castro radicalized, something that has a certain lateral importance. It was not in June of 1954, the month in which Árbenz renounced the presidency after the aerial bombardments secretly organized by the CIA. It happened somewhat earlier, at the end of the forties, when Fidel was studying law at the University of Havana.

That, at least, is what José Ignacio Rasco (Fidel called him Rasquito), his classmate in high school at Colegio Belén and later at the University, said. For José Ignacio, and he told it to me personally, there wasn’t the least doubt: “He was seduced by Leninist theses; he would recite from memory entire pages of What Is to Be Done?, the essay in which the Russian describes the taking of power.” Even Fidel himself, after insisting that the Government would not be able to escape from his hands, came to say that “he was Marxist-Leninist and always would be.”

But there are other direct witnesses. The lawyer Rolando Amador, classmate, friend of Fidel Castro and first in their class, used to relate it in luxurious detail after leaving Cuba at the beginning of the revolution.

In 1950 Fidel, in order to graduate, asked him to go over some subjects that he was taking for free. Fidel was intelligent and had a great memory, but he had neglected his studies. So the two shut themselves away in a hotel to that end. While they were studying, a delegation arrived from the Popular Socialist Party (PSP), the communist group, consisting of Flavio Bravo and Luis Mas Martín. They came to tell Fidel that he had been accepted in the Party.

There were three kinds of activist in the Party. The “open,” the “companion” who generally “was entering” some other political party or State institution in order to inform and influence, and the one that received training and orders directly from the Soviet intelligence services. Flavio Bravo and Mas Martín were in that third category that Osvaldo Sánchez was directing in the shadows. One cannot forget that the function of the Communist Parties all over the world was to protect and help the USSR. For that reason the Kremlin was financing them.

Fidel was a “companion.” His function was to “enter” into the Orthodox Party, from which he came to be a congressional candidate, a social democratic (and anti-communist) party, as happened with Eduardo Corono and Martha Frayde, and radicalize it from within. The idea that Fidel was too “Fidelist” to submit himself to a partisan discipline ignores the circumstance that Stalin was, before all else, “Stalinist,” and Mao “Maoist,” noted leaders who at the beginning seemed docile, until they were able to show themselves as they were and demonstrate their true caudillismo.

Fidel didn’t become anti-Yankee because of the poor conduct of the United States in Guatemala. He recounted it in a letter to his friend and lover Celia Sánchez written in the Sierra Maestra in 1958: fighting with his gringo neighbors was his destiny. Like in the story of the scorpion: “it was his nature.” He couldn’t avoid it.

Editors’ note: Carlos Alberto Montaner will soon publish his personal memoirs, Sin ir más lejos / Without Going Further, with Debate Publisher.

Translated by: Sheilagh Herrera

_________________

The 14ymedio team is committed to serious journalism that reflects the reality of deep Cuba. Thank you for joining us on this long road. We invite you to continue supporting us, but this time by becoming a member of 14ymedio. Together we can continue to transform journalism in Cuba.

Diz-Canel Elected President of the Republic in a Process Marked by "Continuity"

The designation of Díaz-Canel as President of the Republic was in line with predictions. (Capture)

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, Havana, October 10, 2019 — This Thursday continuity marked the Cuban electoral process to designate the highest positions of power on the Island. Unsurprisingly, Miguel Díaz-Canel Bermúdez was elected as President of the Republic in a vote that generated few hopes among citizens.

The Extraordinary Session of the National Assembly this October 10 coincided with the anniversary of the beginning of the wars of independence in 1868, and began with the vote for the head of Parliament, a Government body with more than 600 representatives and marked by the absence of political diversity.

Remaining at the head of Parliament is Esteban Lazo, a figure who analysts predicted would retire but whose permanence in the position reinforces the idea of continuity that has marked this electoral process. His candidature was ratified by 579 representatives of the 580 valid votes that were counted. continue reading

As vice president of the National Assembly, Ana María Mari Machado extends her mandate, and once again elected secretary was Homero Acosta Álvarez, who amply stood out during the drafting process of the new Cuban Constitution and who some had predicted would become the head of Parliament.

The designation of Miguel Díaz-Canel and Salvador Valdés Mesa as President and Vice President of the Republic, after their candidacies were approved by 579 and 569 votes respectively, was in line with previous predictions of observers. Both names were used in the voting pools in a country without public opinion polls.

In accordance with the limit of two terms of five years for high political and governmental positions, the time that has passed since last April 19, when the current president of the Republic took possession from his previous position as president of the Councils of State, will not be counted in this possible decade of mandate ahead.

The first to vote in the Council of State election was the ex-leader Raúl Castro Ruz, who continues to be a representative and remains at the head of the Communist Party, the political force at the helm of the nation according to Article Five of the recently ratified Constitution.

The new Council of State keeps 15 old members in their positions, adds 6, and leaves out 16. The majority of those excluded are because they hold ministerial level positions, some because of advanced age, and others because they were looking to reduce the number of members from 31 to 21.

After the exit of figures like Ramiro Valdés, 87, and Guillermo García Fría, 90, the last members of the so-called “historic generation” who remained in this ruling body, the average age of the Council of State lowers significantly. The Minister of the Armed Forces, Leopoldo Cintra Frías, 78, has also left.

Among the additions, one name that stands out is Eduardo Moisés Torres Cuevas, a 77-year-old historian, along with Yanci María Bravo O’Farrill, chief comptroller of Havana, José Ángel Fernández Castañeda, law student and president of the University Student Federation, and Alexis Lorente Jiménez, a doctor and president of the Municipal Assembly of Popular Power in Sancti Spiritus.

The new positions point at an attempt to distribute Executive power against the model that reigned for decades in Cuba with practically all authority concentrated in the figure of Fidel Castro.

According to the schedule announced by Díaz-Canel, the next step will be to designate a prime minister and make public the new composition of the Council of Ministers before the end of this year.

The almost nine million citizens with the right to vote in Cuba didn’t know the names included on the list drafted by the National Commission of Candidacies until after 11 in the morning on October 10. The parlamentarians themselves only found out about this list a little before placing their ballots in the ballot box.

The Assembly session this Thursday was not transmitted live on official television as had been announced, and Cubans could only follow its development via certain official digital sites that reported in writing what was happening in the Palace of Conventions. Around noon television showed a prerecorded recording with fragments of what happened.

Translated by: Sheilagh Herrera

___________________

The 14ymedio team is committed to serious journalism that reflects the reality of deep Cuba. Thank you for joining us on this long road. We invite you to continue supporting us, but this time by becoming a member of 14ymedio. Together we can continue to transform journalism in Cuba.

A French Town Seeks Cuban Doctors To Reopen Its Maternity Ward

Maternity ward in Privas, in Ardèche, closed now due to lack of professionals. (Radio France/Pierre-Jean Pluvy)

14ymedio bigger14ymedio, Havana, October 10, 2019 — The maternity ward in Privas, a French town with about 8,000 inhabitants, closed on September 25 due to lack of medical personnel, but its authorities haven’t lost hope and are looking to Cuba to save the center.

François Jacquart, counselor of the department of Ardèche for the Communist Party, has planned a meeting for October 25 in the Cuban embassy in Paris to consider a temporary alliance to be able to hire doctors on the Island who can reopen the maternity ward.

“The senate has opened the possibility to overseas regions, like Guyana. And according to constitutional law, what is allowed for a French territory should be possible for the rest of the territories,” argues the counselor, who invokes precedent and thus attempts to dispel the idea that there is an ideological relation. continue reading

Laurent Wauquiez, president of the Auvernia-Ródano-Alpes region, asked the Minister of Health Agnès Buzyn via Twitter to reconsider her decision to close the center, to which Jacquart responded: “Finally, is president Wauquiez ready to follow me and bring Cuban doctors to Ardèche?”

Hervé Saulignac, socialist representative for Ardèche in the National Assembly, has complained that Wauquiez, from the Republicans, has taken so long to notice. “For at least twenty years the maternity ward in Privas has been under threat and now Mr. Wauquiez discovers it. The problem is that the service is now closed, everything is finished.”

Olivier Amrane, regional councilman for Ardèche for the Republicans, is prepared to support Jacquart’s proposal and, although he will not join the Communist counselor at his Paris meeting, is also working on the option to hire Cubans. “We aren’t closing the door to any opportunity, the important thing is to maintain the service,” he affirms.

The French Parliament approved in June a project to reform the health system which included a small article allowing the territories of the French Antilles to hire health workers from outside the European Union. Senators from Guadeloupe and Martinique thus managed to get the exception that Guyana already had extended to their territories. Since 2005 there has been an ordinace in the territory that allows it to hire personnel from other countries on a temporary basis.

Overseas French territories have used their distance from Europe — and proximity to Cuba — to get the approval of these laws, but it remains to be seen if a territory a few kilometers from Nimes, Marseilles, or Montpellier can do the same.

Translated by: Sheilagh Herrera

______________________________

The 14ymedio team is committed to serious journalism that reflects the reality of deep Cuba. Thank you for joining us on this long road. We invite you to continue supporting us, but this time by becoming a member of 14ymedio. Together we can continue to transform journalism in Cuba.